Table 2.
Regression Coefficients (95% confidence interval) for Monthly Medicare Expenditures/Health Care Utilization (n = 234)a
| Medicare Expenditures (generalized linear model log link gamma distribution) | Number of Inpatient Admission (negative binomial model) | Number of Medicare Covered Skilled Nursing Facility Covered Days (zero-inflated negative binomial model) | Number of Institutional Outpatient Visits (negative binomial model) | Number of Physician Visitsb (negative binomial model) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inflation Portion | Count Portion | |||||
| Intercept | 6.37 (3.06, 9.68) | −4.09 (−7.91, −0.27) | 5.76 (−2.84, 14.35) | −0.08 (−6.37, 6.22) | −1.66 (−5.75, 2.43) | −0.27 (−2.72, 2.18) |
| MMSE | 0.03 (−0.01, 0.07) | 0.04 (−0.03, 0.10) | −0.01 (−0.09, 0.06) | 0.02 (−0.02, 0.06) | 0.02 (0.00, 0.05) | |
| Number of functional limitations | 0.15 (0.02, 0.29) | 0.17 (−0.02, 0.36) | 0.39 (0.13, 0.66) | 0.02 (−0.08, 0.13) | −0.06 (−0.11, −0.01) | |
| Number of BPSD | 0.03 (−0.05, 0.10) | 0.01 (−0.09, 0.11) | −0.16 (−0.31, −0.01) | −0.01 (−0.12, 0.10) | 0.02 (−0.05, 0.08) | |
| Age | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.02) | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.02) | −0.06 (−0.17, 0.05) | −0.02 (−0.08, 0.04) | 0.00 (−0.05, 0.05) | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.01) |
| Male | 0.46 (−0.07, 0.99) | 0.32 (−0.29, 0.92) | −26.01 (−28.74, −23.27) | −1.49 (−2.60, −0.38) | 0.63 (0.24, 1.01) | 0.04 (−0.37, 0.45) |
| Non-Caucasian (ref = white) | 0.06 (−0.58, 0.69) | 0.04 (−0.49, 0.56) | −0.69 (−2.13, 0.74) | −0.73 (−1.60, 0.13) | 0.12 (−0.34, 0.58) | 0.03 (−0.44, 0.50) |
| Married (ref = not married) | −0.41 (−0.93, 0.10) | −0.03 (−0.57, 0.51) | −0.91 (−3.10, 1.28) | −2.12 (−3.97, −0.27) | −0.15 (−0.91, 0.62) | 0.67 (0.25, 1.10) |
| Number of chronic conditions | 0.07 (−0.09, 0.22) | 0.10 (−0.10, 0.31) | 0.10 (−0.55, 0.76) | 0.26 (−0.02, 0.53) | 0.08 (−0.10, 0.25) | 0.06 (−0.12, 0.24) |
Notes: BPSD = Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination.
aAging Demographics and Memory Study sample weights were used.
bPhysician visits are for evaluation and management services and can include care that occurs during an institutional outpatient institutional visit.