Table 4.

Summary HRs and 95% CIs derived from meta-analyses with CHANCES cohort-specific estimates for the association of smoking status and time since smoking cessation with overall and CRC-specific survival in stages I–III CRC patients^a

	At risk	Events	HR (95% CI)
			Crude	Model Ab	Model Cc
Overall survival
Smoking status
Never	2857	863	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Former	4812	1716	1.19 (1.09–1.31)	1.16 (1.06–1.26)	1.17 (1.07–1.28)
Current	1280	569	1.36 (1.05–1.76)	1.26 (0.89–1.77)	1.32 (0.92–1.89)
Time since smoking cessation
Current	1280	290	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
<10 years	1192	484	1.06 (0.61–1.84)	0.90 (0.59–1.37)	0.75 (0.65–0.86)
≥10 years	3608	1226	0.69 (0.59–0.80)	0.71 (0.56–0.90)	0.76 (0.54–1.07)
CRC-specific survival
Smoking status
Never	2857	532	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Former	4812	893	1.04 (0.94–1.16)	1.03 (0.92–1.15)	1.00 (0.79–1.27)
Current	1280	290	1.26 (1.03–1.55)	1.02 (0.69–1.52)	1.11 (0.72–1.70)
Time since smoking cessation
Current	1280	290	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
<10 years	1192	232	1.50 (0.67–3.34)	1.35 (0.64–2.83)	1.15 (0.53–2.50)
≥10 years	3608	659	0.76 (0.64–0.91)	0.76 (0.62–0.94)	0.72 (0.61–0.84)

^aAnalyses were restricted to data from the following cohorts with available tumor stage information: COSM, EPIC DK, EPIC ES, EPIC GR, ESTHER, NIH-AARP and SMC.

^bModel A was adjusted for sex and age.

^cModel C was adjusted for sex, age, BMI, education, alcohol intake, tumor site, diabetes, vigorous physical activity and tumor stage.