Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of 1,303 ALIVE Participants by Frailty Statusa
| Robust | Prefrail | Frail | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N = 349 | N = 796 | N = 158 | |
| No. (%) | No. (%) | No. (%) | |
| All participants | |||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 46.8 (8.1) | 47.5 (7.4) | 49.7 (8.5) |
| Female | 106 (30.4) | 265 (33.3) | 68 (43.0) |
| African American | 310 (88.8) | 707 (88.8) | 144 (91.1) |
| Less than high school education | 182 (52.5) | 473 (59.6) | 99 (63.1) |
| Not married/common law | 307 (88.5) | 741 (93.3) | 147 (93.6) |
| Homeless | 44 (12.6) | 121 (15.2) | 23 (14.6) |
| Unemployed | 247 (71%) | 613 (77.1%) | 130 (82.3%) |
| Health insurance | 222 (63.6) | 538 (67.6) | 120 (76.9) |
| Hazardous alcohol use | 67 (19.3%) | 192 (24.1%) | 40 (25.3%) |
| Recent injection drug use | 161 (46.1) | 337 (42.3) | 65 (41.1) |
| Any noninjection drug use | 157 (45.0) | 369 (46.4) | 79 (50.0) |
| Recent tobacco use | 280 (80.7) | 657 (82.6) | 140 (88.6) |
| Prescription drug abuseb | 21 (6.0) | 96 (12.1) | 26 (16.5) |
| Depressive symptomsc | 47 (13.5) | 185 (23.2) | 65 (41.1) |
| Number of comorbid conditionsd | |||
| 0 | 149 (43.4) | 330 (42.4) | 43 (28.5) |
| 1 | 117 (34.1) | 262 (33.6) | 55 (36.4) |
| 2 | 56 (16.3) | 118 (15.2) | 23 (15.2) |
| ≥3 | 21 (6.1) | 69 (8.9) | 30 (19.9) |
| HIV-infected | 100 (28.7) | 259 (32.5) | 56 (35.4) |
| HIV-infected participants | |||
| CD4+ cell count, median (IQR) | 334 (203, 522) | 278 (169, 434) | 353 (213, 499) |
| HIV RNA, median (IQR), log10 copies/ml | 1.9 (1.6, 4.1) | 2.7 (1.6, 4.5) | 3.1 (1.6, 4.3) |
| Median CD4+ nadir (IQR) | 134 (54, 245) | 135 (48, 237) | 186 (62, 271) |
| Recent cART | 61 (61.6) | 139 (53.9) | 29 (51.8) |
| Prior AIDS diagnosis | 17 (17.0) | 55 (21.2) | 15 (26.8) |
Note: cART = combination antiretroviral therapy; CES-D = Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression; IQR = interquartile range; SD = standard deviation; y = years.
aData are number (%) of participants, unless otherwise indicated; behavioral variables reflect characteristics within the prior 6 months, unless otherwise indicated; robust participants had a frailty score of 0; prefrail participants had a frailty score of 1–2; frail participants had a frailty score of 3–5
bReflects characteristics within the prior year.
cDepressive symptoms, score of ≥21 on the CES-D.
dDiabetes, hypertension, cerebrovascular accident, cardiovascular disease, renal disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer, obesity, and liver disease.