Table.
Number of Kanavel signs and history of puncture trauma to the hand, key ultrasound images, treatment course, and final discharge diagnosis.
| Case number US machine transducer conduction medium |
Number of Kanavel’s signs on ED exam: Previous trauma? |
Key image | Operative findings and treatment course | Final discharge diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case 1 Sonosite (Seattle, WA) Linear 25mm, 10-5 MHz Gel mattress |
4/4 No history of trauma |
|
No fluid at operation, Received antibiotics for three days prior to operation | Flexor tenosynovitis |
| Case 2 Sonosite (Seattle, WA) Linear 25mm, 10-5 MHz Gel mattress |
2/4 No history of trauma |
|
Non-operative management with antibiotics | Flexor tenosynovitis |
| Case 3 Toshiba (Tokyo, Japan) Linear 32mm, 11-6 MHz Water bath |
4/4 History of puncture trauma |
|
+Purulence and foreign body at operation | Flexor tenosynovitis |
| Case 4 Sonosite (Seattle, WA) Linear 25mm, 10-5 MHz Gel mattress |
2/4 History of puncture trauma |
|
I&D at bedside and IV antibiotics | Possible flexor tenosynovitis |
| Case 5 Ultrasonix (Vancouver, Canada) Linear 38mm, 14-5 MHz Water bath |
4/4 History of puncture trauma |
|
+purulence at operation | Flexor tenosynovitis |
| Case 6 Sonosite (Seattle, WA) Linear 25mm, 10-5 MHz Gel mattress |
3/4 History of puncture trauma |
|
Non-operative management with antibiotics | Flexor tenosynovitis |
| Case 7 Sonosite (Seattle, WA) Linear 25mm, 10-5 MHz Gel mattress |
2/4 History of puncture trauma |
|
+Purulence at operation | Flexor tenosynovitis |
US, ultrasound; ED, emergency department; OR, operating room; IV, intravenous, I & D, incision and drainage.