Table 2. Risk factors for vitamin D deficiency.
95% Confidence Interval | ||||
Variables | Odds Ratio | Lower Limit | Upper Limit | p-value |
Age ≥ 65 years | 0.52 | 0.44 | 0.61 | <.0001 |
Race: African-American | 3 | 2.61 | 3.44 | <.0001 |
Some college | 0.87 | 0.77 | 0.99 | 0.0351 |
Poor health | 1.44 | 1.23 | 1.69 | <.0001 |
Current smoker | 1.12 | 0.97 | 1.31 | 0.1308 |
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) | 1.31 | 1.15 | 1.49 | <.0001 |
Diabetes | 1.11 | 0.92 | 1.35 | 0.2837 |
Cancer | 0.69 | 0.54 | 0.89 | 0.0033 |
High total cholesterol (>200 mg/dl) | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.96 | 0.01 |
Consume milk products daily | 0.63 | 0.55 | 0.71 | <.0001 |