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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jun 6.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Stat Assoc. 2018 Jun 6;113(522):893–905. doi: 10.1080/01621459.2017.1299626

Table 1.

Simulation Results for the SEM with Two Latent Variables.

Dep Ind Proportional Hazards Model
Proportional Odds Model
Param Bias SE SEE CP Param Bias SE SEE CP
T Z1 0.100 0.004 0.075 0.073 0.95 0.100 0.004 0.109 0.107 0.94
Z2 −0.200 −0.004 0.180 0.182 0.95 −0.200 0.008 0.264 0.270 0.95
Y6 0.100 0.001 0.145 0.143 0.95 0.100 0.000 0.214 0.208 0.95
Y7 0.200 −0.007 0.167 0.163 0.95 0.200 −0.007 0.233 0.236 0.95
η2 0.500 0.020 0.167 0.166 0.96 0.500 0.024 0.225 0.223 0.96
Λ0(t1) 0.202 0.003 0.050 0.049 0.95 0.212 0.004 0.073 0.071 0.95
Λ0(t2) 0.518 0.010 0.121 0.118 0.95 0.608 0.019 0.204 0.201 0.94
Λ0(t3) 1.103 0.042 0.258 0.251 0.95 1.588 0.088 0.550 0.542 0.95
Y1 Int 0.000 0.000 0.074 0.073 0.94 0.000 0.001 0.074 0.073 0.94
Var 1.000 −0.015 0.132 0.128 0.96 1.000 −0.016 0.132 0.128 0.97
Y2 Int 0.000 0.002 0.076 0.073 0.94 0.000 0.002 0.076 0.073 0.94
η1 1.000 0.022 0.220 0.204 0.94 1.000 0.021 0.218 0.204 0.94
Var 1.000 −0.013 0.130 0.129 0.96 1.000 −0.012 0.129 0.129 0.96
Y3 Int 0.000 0.001 0.076 0.073 0.95 0.000 0.002 0.076 0.073 0.95
η1 1.000 0.021 0.214 0.203 0.95 1.000 0.021 0.215 0.204 0.96
Var 1.000 −0.010 0.132 0.128 0.96 1.000 −0.010 0.133 0.129 0.96
Y4 Int 0.000 −0.001 0.077 0.075 0.95 0.000 −0.001 0.077 0.076 0.95
Var 1.000 −0.026 0.193 0.184 0.96 1.000 −0.032 0.215 0.210 0.96
Y5 Int 0.000 −0.002 0.078 0.076 0.94 0.000 −0.001 0.079 0.076 0.94
η2 1.000 0.048 0.296 0.276 0.94 1.000 0.057 0.339 0.323 0.95
Var 1.000 −0.031 0.195 0.187 0.96 1.000 −0.036 0.219 0.214 0.96
Y6 Int 0.000 −0.005 0.286 0.273 0.94 0.000 −0.006 0.286 0.273 0.94
Z1 −0.500 0.001 0.112 0.113 0.95 −0.500 0.001 0.112 0.113 0.95
Z2 0.500 0.021 0.307 0.297 0.95 0.500 0.021 0.307 0.297 0.95
η2 0.000 0.008 0.226 0.220 0.96 0.000 0.007 0.228 0.221 0.97
Y7 Int 1.000 0.032 0.338 0.345 0.96 1.000 0.030 0.337 0.345 0.96
Z1 1.000 0.028 0.148 0.148 0.96 1.000 0.028 0.148 0.148 0.96
Z2 0.200 0.002 0.333 0.342 0.96 0.200 0.002 0.333 0.342 0.96
Y6 −0.200 −0.011 0.264 0.264 0.95 −0.200 −0.009 0.264 0.264 0.95
η2 0.000 0.006 0.262 0.253 0.97 0.000 0.008 0.266 0.255 0.97
η1 Var 0.500 0.009 0.139 0.134 0.95 0.500 0.009 0.138 0.134 0.95
η2 η1 0.500 0.008 0.156 0.147 0.93 0.500 0.008 0.160 0.151 0.94
Var 0.500 0.007 0.175 0.168 0.96 0.500 0.013 0.194 0.191 0.97

NOTE: Each row corresponds to the regression parameter of the dependent variable “Dep” on the independent variable “Ind” or some other parameter in the model of “Dep”. “Int” and “Var” stand for the intercept and error variance, respectively. The parameters Λ0(t1), Λ0(t2), and Λ0(t3) correspond to the cumulative baseline hazard function values at the 25%, 50%, and 75% quantiles of the survival time. The true value of a parameter is given under “Param”. “Bias” is the empirical bias; “SE” is the empirical standard error; “SEE” is the empirical mean of the standard error estimator; and “CP” is the empirical coverage probability of the 95% confidence interval.