Figure 2.

An example of percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy surgery combining YESS and TESSYS on a 51-year-old female patient presented with 20 years of numbness and pain in the left buttock and lower limbs. Diagnosed with disc herniation at L4/L5 and L5/S1 (A–F), the patient was treated by YESS at L4/L5 and TESSYS at L5/S1. Preoperative CT (A–C) and magnetic resonance imaging scanning (D–F) results are shown. Panels G and H show the position of puncturing needles. Postoperative CT images are shown in I–K. CT = computed tomography, TESSYS = transforaminal endoscopic surgical system.