Figure 1.

Production of TNF-α from Cells Infected with TNF-α-Armed Oncolytic VSV

(A) Schematic representation of the VSVΔ51 constructs. Green represents GFP, yellow represents TNF-α, and black represents replacement of the membrane anchor domain with the serum albumin (SA) signal peptide sequence. (*) denotes the deletion of the 51st amino acid in the M protein. (B) TNF-α levels were determined by ELISA from supernatants of Vero cells infected with indicated MOI of virus for 16 hr. ND, not detected. Mean, SD. (C) TNF-α levels were detected by ELISA from supernatants of cells infected with 1 MOI of the indicated virus. Two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparison test: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Mean, SD. (D) Measurement of human TNF-α from mouse serum at the indicated post-infection times. Viruses were delivered i.v. at 1 × 10⁷ PFU virus. Mean, SD.