Table 1.

Explanations of Mathematical Concepts and Symbols

concept	explanation	example/notation
set	collection of entities (here, numbers)	U = {7, 2, 5, 3}
element	entity that is in a set	5 ∈ U, 1 ∉ U
standard form	distinct elements written in order	U = {2, 3, 5, 7}
empty set	set with no elements	ø
subset	set wholly contained in another	{2, 3} ⊆ U
power set	set of all subsets of a set	℘ ({1, 3}) = {ø, {1}, {3}, {1, 3}}
intersection	common subset	{2, 3} ∩ {3, 7} = {3}
union	merged set	{2, 3} ∪ {3, 7} = {2, 3, 7}