Figure 1.

Characterization of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Neural Stem Cells

(A–C) Naglu^−/− iPSCs growing on feeder mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). (A) Phase contrast image, alkaline phosphatase staining, and Oct-4 (red) staining merged with nuclear staining (DAPI, blue). Scale bars, 200 μm (phase contrast) and 400 μm (alkaline phosphatase and Oct4). (B) Real-time qPCR probing Nestin gene expression after differentiation of iPSCs to neural stem cells (iNSCs; n = 5, p = 0.0005). Mean with SD. (C) Immunostaining of iNSCs with Nestin (red). Scale bar, 500 μm. (D–F) iNSCs were further differentiated into different cell types characterized by antibodies against Map2 and Tuj-1 (neuron markers) (D), GFAP (astrocyte marker) (scale bar represents 500 μm) (E), and Olig1 (oligodendrocyte marker) (scale bars represent 100 μm) (F). Nuclear staining with DAPI (blue) was overlaid in (C)–(F). Post-acquisition processing included adjustment of brightness and contrast in (C)–(F) using Adobe Photoshop CS6 to reduce over-exposure. ***p < 0.001.