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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS Behav. 2018 Sep;22(9):3044–3056. doi: 10.1007/s10461-018-2159-5

Table III.

Demographic differences in PrEP stigma and positive attitudes factors

Stigma Positive Attitudes
n (%) Median (IQR) Kruskal-Wallis Test χ2 (p-value) Median (IQR) Kruskal-Wallis Test χ2 (p-value)
Race/Ethnicity (n=620) a, b
 Black or African American 182 (29.4) 2.57 (1.0) 35.2 (<.0001) 4.00 (1.3) 7.0 (.071)
 Hispanic/Latino 206 (33.2) 2.57 (1.1) 4.00 (1.0)
 White 162 (26.1) 2.08 (1.0) 4.00 (1.0)
 Other 70 (11.3) 2.43 (1.1) 4.00 (0.7)
Gender Identity (n=620) c, d
 Male 577 (93.1) 2.43 (1.1) 10.8 (.005) 4.00 (1.0) 2.2 (.328)
 Transgender 23 (3.7) 2.86 (1.0) 4.00 (1.3)
 Other 20 (3.2) 1.78 (1.1) 4.17 (1.5)
Sexual Orientation (n=620)
 Gay 414 (66.8) 2.29 (1.1) 6.9 (.076) 4.00 (1.3) 3.4 (.335)
 Bisexual 136 (21.9) 2.43 (1.1) 4.00 (1.3)
 Queer 32 (5.2) 2.00 (1.1) 4.00 (0.7)
 Other 38 (6.1) 2.71 (1.1) 3.67 (1.0)
Sexually Active in Past 6 Months (n=620)
 No 107 (17.3) 2.23 (1.1) 0.4 (.553) 4.00 (1.0) 2.5 (.117)
 Yes 513 (82.7) 2.43 (1.1) 4.00 (1.3)
Sexual Partners in Past 6 Months (n=620)
 Male Partners 451 (72.7) 2.43 (1.1) 1.1 (.769) 4.00 (1.0) 4.5 (.211)
 Male and Female Partners 45 (7.3) 2.71 (1.1) 4.00 (1.0)
 Female Partners 17 (2.7) 2.43 (1.3) 3.67 (1.3)
 No Sexual Partners 107 (17.3) 2.29 (1.1) 4.00 (1.0)
Prior PrEP Awareness (n=620)
 No 139 (22.4) 2.86 (1.0) 26.5 (<.0001) 3.67 (1.0) 12.5 (<.001)
 Yes 481 (77.6) 2.29 (1.1) 4.00 (1.0)
PrEP Reduces HIV Transmission Risk (n=226) e
 True 175 (77.4) 3.00 (0.7) 13.8 (<.001) 3.67 (1.0) 17.2 (<.0001)
 False 51 (22.6) 2.29 (1.1) 4.00 (1.0)
Most Recent Partner on PrEP (n=452) f, g
 No 419 (92.7) 2.43 (1.1) 2.3 (.127) 4.00 (1.0) 0.3 (0.594)
 Yes 33 (7.3) 2.57 (1.1) 4.00 (0.7)
HIV Testing in Past 6 Months (n=620)
 No 190 (30.7) 2.43 (1.1) 0.2 (.701) 4.00 (1.0) 0.1 (.754)
 Yes 428 (69.3) 2.43 (1.1) 4.00 (1.2)
Most Recent Partner Serious (n=546) f
 No 290 (53.1) 2.43 (1.1) 0.0 (.970) 4.00 (1.0) 0.6 (.458)
 Yes 256 (46.0) 2.43 (1.1) 4.00 (0.8)
Most Recent Partner HIV+ (n=546) f
 No 530 (97.1) 2.43 (1.1) 4.5 (.034) 4.00 (1.0) 3.7 (.053)
 Yes 16 (2.9) 2.00 (1.1) 4.33 (0.8)
a

Significant difference between Black and White participants.

b

Significant difference between Latino and White participants.

c

Significant difference between male and other gender identities.

d

Significant difference between transgender and other gender identities.

e

Sample size reduced since item was only administered at baseline visit.

f

Sample size reduced since item was only administered to sexually active participants.

g

Sample size reduced since item was not asked on all versions of survey and only asked about HIV-negative partners.