Table 2.
Characteristic imaging features of AMFB on MRI and US.
| Study | Sex | Age | Size (cm) | Location | MRI | TVUS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wolf et al. | F | 38 | 9x6x1.5 | Vagina | T1 weighted: Homogenous hypointense | Well-demarcated, homogenous mass, medium echogenicity, few septations |
| T2-weighted: Homogenous hypointense mass | Doppler: several small intralesional vessels | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Souza et al. | M | 19 | 2.8 | Scrotum | T1-weighted: Central hypointensity Intermediate hyperintensity, capsule | Well-defined, heterogeneous echo texture, small hypoechoic cysts |
| T2-weighted: Intermediate homogenous hyperintensity, Hypointense capsule Central heterogeneous mixed hypo and hyperintensity |
Doppler: minimal flow | |||||
|
| ||||||
| Shoji et al. | F | 50 | 8x7x5 | Vulva | T1-weighted: Hypointense mass | N/A |
| GA-T1: Homogenous enhancement, poorly enhanced area at center | ||||||
| T2-weighted: Mildly hyperintense | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Geng et al. | F | 46 | 8.5x6x16 | Paravaginal | T1-weighted: signal intensity similar to skeletal muscle | N/A |
| GA-T1: Homogenous hyperintensity | ||||||
| T2-weighted: Hyperintensity, mild hyperintensity mild hypointensity | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Kim et al. | F | 40 | 9x5.5x2.5 | Vulva | N/A | Mixed echoic soft tissue massHyperechoic areas mixed with irregular hypoechoic areas with tiny hypoechoic components |
| Doppler: negative | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Qiu et al. | F | 32 | 13.2x5.8 x7.8 | Posterior cul-de-sac | N/A | Moderately echoic mass, small hypoechoic area |
| Doppler: N/A | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Kitamura et al. | F | 24 | 3 x 2.8 x 2.8 | Urethra | T1-weighted: N/A | N/A |
| T2 Weighted: homogenous, well-defined, low to moderate hyperintensity | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Lim et al. | F | 48 | 3.8x3.5x2.8 | Posterior perivesical space | T1-weighted: Signal intensity similar to skeletal muscle | N/A |
| GA-T1: Strong homogenous enhancement | ||||||
| T2-weighted: well-defined mass heterogeneous intermediate signal intensity, focal nodular and central curvilinear dark signal intensities | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Maruyama et al. | M | 72 | 7.2x5.5x2.2 | Scrotum | T1-weighted: Similar to or lower signal intensity than skeletal muscle | Mixed echogenicity, with several small hypoechoic cystic areas∗ |
| GA-T1: strong heterogeneous enhancement | ||||||
| T2-weighted: heterogeneous intermediate to high signal intensity | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Wang et al. | F | N/A | N/A | Anterior vaginal | N/A | Poorly defined, irregularly shaped, hypoechoic, band-like echoes of various width |
| Doppler: positive blood flow | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Wang et al. | F | N/A | N/A | Urethral | N/A | Well-defined, hypoechoic cystic solid mass |
| Doppler: positive blood flow | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Mortele et al. | F | 46 | Perineal | 2.5x3.5 | T1-weighted: hypointense, inhomogeneous mass with small focus of hyperintensity representing fat | N/A |
| GA-T1: Strong homogenous uptake | ||||||
| T2-weighted: Hyperintense homogenous signal similar to surrounding fat | ||||||