Table 1.
Strain | Zone of inhibition in diameter (mm) a | MIC ( μ g mL -1 ) b | MBC ( μ g mL -1 ) c | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASHE | ASDE | Antibiotic | DMSO (10%) | ASHE | ASDE | ASHE | ASDE | |
Gram-positive bacteria | ||||||||
MRSA∗ | 27 ± 0.5774 | 23 ± 0.2887 | 16 (VA)d | - | 32 | 64 | 128 | 128 |
MSSA | 26 ± 0.2887 | 30 ± 0.5774 | 30 (VA) | - | 64 | 16 | 128 | 64 |
Vancomycin resistant enterococci | 13 ± 0.7638 | 15 ± 0.8660 | 33 (TOB)e | - | 512 | 1024 | 2056 | 4096 |
Gram-negative bacteria | ||||||||
Acinetobacter baumannii | 26 ± 0.2887 | 28 ± 0.0 | 33 (IPM)f | - | 32 | 32 | 64 | 32 |
A. lwoffii | 33 ± 0.5774 | 30 ± 0.2887 | 46 (IPM) | - | 16 | 32 | 32 | 32 |
Enterobacter spp. | 14 ± 0.2887 | 16 ± 0.5774 | 23 (MEM)g | - | 512 | 1024 | 2056 | 4096 |
Escherichia coli | 21 ± 0.2887 | 29 ± 0.5774 | 16 (AK)h | - | 128 | 32 | 512 | 128 |
Klebsiella pneumoniae | 20 ± 0.0 | 29 ± 0.5000 | - (AK) | - | 256 | 64 | 512 | 256 |
Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 13 ±0.5774 | 15 ± 0.2887 | 23 (CAZ)i | - | 1024 | 1024 | 2056 | 4096 |
Salmonella typhi | 20 ± 0.5000 | 32 ± 0.5000 | 25 (CIP)j | - | 256 | 32 | 256 | 128 |
Shigella dysenteriae | 18 ± 0.7638 | 22 ± 0.5000 | 27 (CTX) | - | 256 | 128 | 1024 | 1024 |
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 26 ± 0.5774 | 27 ± 1.000 | 30 (SXT)k | - | 64 | 64 | 256 | 256 |
aDetermined by disk diffusion assay.
bDetermined by broth microdilution method.
cDetermined by plate colony count technique.
dVancomycin (30 μg).
eTobramycin (10 μg).
fImipenem (10 μg).
gMeropenem (30 μg).
hAmikacin (30 μg).
iCeftriaxone (10 μg).
jCiprofloxacin (5 μg).
kTrimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (30 μg).
-: no zone of inhibition.
∗Preliminary antibacterial data for ASHE/ASDE on MRSA (disk diffusion and MIC values) has been published recently by our research group (Karunanidhi et al., 2017).