Table 2.

Mechanism and biological function of downregulated LncRNAs in HCC.

lncRNA	Full name	Mechanism	Function	Reference
H19	None	Activating miR-200 family, downregulating AKT/GSK-3beta/Cdc25A pathway	Migration(−), invasion(−), metastasis(−), EMT(−)	[64, 68]
MEG3	Maternally expressed gene 3	Activating P53, MEG3/miR664/ADH4 axis	Proliferation(−), apoptosis(+),	[72, 73, 76]
Dreh	Downregulated by HBx	Downregulating vimentin	Proliferation(−), migration(−), metastasis(−)	[77]
LET	Low expression in tumor	Downregulating NF90	Invasion(−), metastasis(−)	[79]
ZNFX1-AS1	ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1	Upregulating miR-9	Proliferation(−), apoptosis(+),	[135]
PTENP1	Phosphatase and tensin homolog, pseudogene 1	Downregulating miR-17, miR-19b, and miR-20a	Proliferation(−), angiogenesis(−), apoptosis(+), autophagy(+)	[136]
AOC4P	Amine oxidase, copper containing 4, pseudogene	Downregulating vimentin	Proliferation(−), migration(−), invasion(−), EMT(−)	[137]
FTX	None	Downregulating miR-374a and Wnt/β-catenin signaling	Proliferation(−), invasion(−), metastasis(−), EMT(−),	[138]
XIST	X inactive specific transcript	XIST/miR-181a/PTEN axis; XIST/miR-92b/Smad7 axis	Proliferation(−), invasion(−), metastasis(−)	[139, 140]
LncRNA00364	None	LncRNA00364/STAT3/IFIT2 axis	Proliferation(−), apoptosis(+), G1/S cell cycle progression(−),	[141].
Linc-USP16	None	ceRNA for miR-21 and miR-590-5p and upregulating PTEN	Proliferation(−), migration(−)	[142]
CASC2	Cancer susceptibility candidate 2	Downregulating miR-24-3p, CASC2/miR-367/FBXW7 axis	Proliferation(−), apoptosis(+), migration(−), invasion(−), EMT(−)	[143, 144]
LINC00657	None	LINC00657/miR-106a-5p /PTEN axis	Proliferation(−), migration(−), invasion(−)	[145].
FER1L4	Fer-1-like protein 4	Downregulating miR-106-5p	Proliferation(−), migration(−), invasion(−), apoptosis(+)	[146]
uc.134	None	uc.134/CUL4A/LATS1 axis	Proliferation(−), invasion(−), metastasis(−)	[75]
lnc-DILC	lncRNA downregulated in liver cancer stem cells	IL-6/STAT3 axis	Proliferation(−)	[147]

+: increase; −: decrease.