Table 1.
Clinical manifestations of cutaneous tuberculosis and its differential diagnosis.
| S. N | Classification of cutaneous tuberculosis | Diagnostic considerations | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Exogenous cutaneous Tuberculosis | Tuberculosis chancre | sporotrichosis, leishmaniasis, atypical mycobacteriosis, syphilis, cat scratch disease and tularemia |
| Tuberculosis verrucosa cutis | paracoccidioidomycosis, leishmaniasis, sporotrichosis, tuberculosis verrucosa and chromomycosis. Lobomycosis, atypical mycobacteriosis, hypertrophic lichen planus, verrucous carcinoma, iododerma, bromoderma, verruca vulgaris, keratoacanthoma centrifugum and pyoderma vegetans | ||
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| 2 | Endogenous cutaneous tuberculosis | Scrofuloderma | tertiary syphilis, paracoccidioidomycosis, actinomycoses, lymphogranuloma venereum, bacterial abscesses, tumor metastasis, histiocytosis and hidradenitis |
| Orificial tuberculosis | bullous diseases, trauma, fungal diseases, syphilis, sarcoidosis, or squamous cell carcinoma | ||
| Lupus vulgaris | basal cell carcinoma, sarcoidosis, discoid lupus erythematosus, Leprosy, Deep Fungal infections | ||
| Tuberculous gumma | leishmania, sporotrichosis, nocardiosis, atypical mycobacteria (Mycobacterium marinum), pyogenic infections (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus), and deep fungal infections | ||
| Acute miliary tuberculosis | metastatic carcinomas | ||
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| 3 | Tuberculids | Papulonecrotic tuberculid | pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA), leukocytoclastic necrotizing vasculitis, pruritus and secondary syphilis |
| Lichen scrofulosorum | lichen planus and lichen nitidus, syphilid lichenoides, eczematid, keratosis pilaris, pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) and micropapular sarcoidosis | ||
| Erythema induratum of Bazin | erythema nodosum, cutaneous polyarteritis, pancreatic panniculitis, lupus profundus, subcutaneous sarcoidosis and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma | ||