FIGURE 6.

4-PBA partially inhibited mild ER stress in primary cultured astrocytes. (A) The expression levels of p-PERK, p-EIF2α, p-IRE1α, XBP1s, and XBP1u in primary cultured astrocytes were detected by Western blotting using specific antibodies. (B) Phosphorylated levels of PERK, EIF2α, and IRE1α were quantified and normalized to corresponding total levels. (C) Expression of XBP1s was quantified and normalized to Tubulin expression. (D) Expression of XBP1u was quantified and normalized to Tubulin expression. Each value is expressed relative to that in the control group, which was set to 100. All experiments were repeated three times. ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01 vs. LPS treatment group. ^∧P < 0.05, ^∧∧P < 0.01 vs. TM treatment group. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM.