FIGURE 2.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) effects on chick development and angiogenesis. (A) Metabolic assay scheme using chicken embryos, broiler strain (Ross). Embryos were treated with HBOT from E13 to E18. Standard flow-through respirometry was used. (B) Schematic cartoon of the CAM assay. The CAM experiment was started at E8, and the embryos where treated until E12; the blood vessels were counted using ImageJ. VEGF-A (20 μL on IM, 10 ng/μL) was used as a positive control. (C) Metabolic rate of embryos in the control and HBOT groups. White bars show embryo metabolic rates (mL O₂ h g⁻¹); no differences were found between treatments. Gray bars indicate mass-specific metabolic rates (mL O₂/h g) of the control and HBOT groups; no significant differences were found between groups. (D) Quantification of the number of blood vessels in the CAM after applying different stimuli. Combined use of HBOT and WJ-MSC-enriched IM scaffolds promoted a maximum of angiogenic response. (E) Representative images of E8 and E12 CAM after receiving treatments as indicated. Data are reported as mean ± SD. Different letters denote differences after Tukey post hoc tests. Bar = 5 mm.