Table 1. Comparisons Between Live and Video Lineups.
| Target, outcome, and study | Event | Live | Video | Effect size and CIs | Test of null | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rate | Type | n | Rate | Type | n | OR | LL | UL | z | p | ||
| Note. OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; LL = lower limit 95% CI; UL = upper limit 95% CI; Sim = simultaneous presentation; Seq = sequential presentation; BW = black and white (monochrome); ID = identification. Choosing rates are collapsed across target-present and target-absent or (if no target-absent lineups were used) target-present only. To facilitate comparisons, all ORs below 1.00 and associated CIs are converted to their inverse. | ||||||||||||
| Present | ||||||||||||
| Hit | ||||||||||||
| Cutler and Fisher (1990) | Live | .23 | Sim | 26 | .31 | Sim | 26 | 1.52 | .44 | 5.26 | .65 | .52 |
| Cutler, Fisher, and Chicvara (1989) | Live | .65 | Sim | 17 | .69 | Sim | 16 | 1.20 | .28 | 5.26 | .24 | .81 |
| Kerstholt, Koster, and van Amelsvoort (2004) | Live | .69 | Sim | 58 | .63 | Seq | 48 | 1.31 | .58 | 2.93 | .65 | .52 |
| Shepherd, Ellis, and Davies (1982), Exp. 1 | Live | .67 | Sim | 12 | .55 | Sim | 20 | 1.66 | .37 | 7.38 | .67 | .50 |
| Shepherd et al. (1982), Exp. 4 | Live | .89 | Sim | 19 | .95 | Sim | 20 | 2.33 | .20 | 25.00 | .68 | .50 |
| Video | .44 | Sim | 18 | .75 | Sim | 13 | 3.85 | .80 | 16.67 | 1.68 | .09 | |
| BW Photo | .50 | Sim | 16 | .85 | Sim | 15 | 5.56 | 1.01 | 33.33 | 1.97 | .05 | |
| Color Photo | .79 | Sim | 14 | .53 | Sim | 13 | 3.34 | .62 | 18.00 | 1.40 | .16 | |
| Filler | ||||||||||||
| Cutler and Fisher (1990) | Live | .12 | Sim | 26 | .12 | Sim | 26 | 1.00 | .19 | 5.33 | .00 | 1.00 |
| Cutler et al. (1989) | Live | .06 | Sim | 17 | .00 | Sim | 16 | 3.04 | .12 | 79.88 | .67 | .50 |
| Shepherd et al. (1982), Exp. 1 | Live | .17 | Sim | 12 | .20 | Sim | 20 | 1.22 | .19 | 7.69 | .21 | .83 |
| No ID | ||||||||||||
| Cutler and Fisher (1990) | Live | .65 | Sim | 26 | .58 | Sim | 26 | 1.34 | .44 | 4.12 | .52 | .60 |
| Cutler et al. (1989) | Live | .29 | Sim | 17 | .31 | Sim | 16 | 1.10 | .25 | 5.00 | .13 | .90 |
| Shepherd et al. (1982), Exp. 1 | Live | .17 | Sim | 12 | .25 | Sim | 20 | 1.64 | .27 | 10.00 | .53 | .60 |
| Absent | ||||||||||||
| No ID | ||||||||||||
| Cutler and Fisher (1990) | Live | .85 | Sim | 26 | .81 | Sim | 26 | 1.33 | .31 | 5.70 | .38 | .70 |
| Cutler et al. (1989) | Live | .89 | Sim | 8 | .63 | Sim | 5 | 4.75 | .27 | 83.28 | 1.07 | .29 |
| Kerstholt et al. (2004) | Live | .43 | Sim | 58 | .61 | Seq | 49 | 2.08 | .95 | 4.55 | 1.85 | .06 |
| Both | ||||||||||||
| Choosing | ||||||||||||
| Cutler and Fisher (1990) | Live | .25 | Sim | 26 | .31 | Sim | 26 | 1.35 | .40 | 4.55 | .48 | .63 |
| Cutler et al. (1989) | Live | .50 | Sim | 25 | .58 | Sim | 21 | 1.39 | .43 | 4.35 | .54 | .59 |
| Shepherd et al. (1982), Exp. 1 | Live | .83 | Sim | 12 | .75 | Sim | 20 | 1.63 | .27 | 9.99 | .53 | .60 |