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. 2018 Jul 17;12:e00105. doi: 10.1016/j.plabm.2018.e00105

Table 2.

Concentrations of nicotine and cotinine levels in saliva.

Parameter Groups
Controls Smokeless Tobacco users (SLT)
Gutkha users Khaini users
Nicotine (ng/ml) 34.23 ± 2.87 3712.12 ± 522.21* 3556.96 ± 253.82*
Cotinine (ng/ml) 40.91 ± 3.45 7248.04 ± 958.10* 5326.90 ± 656.94*

Data are represented as the mean ± SEM and * denotes that data are significantly different with the other groups.