Table 1.
Subject characteristics
| Lean Subjects | Subjects with obesity | |
|---|---|---|
| n (F/M) | 6/4 | 4/6 |
| Age (years) | 34.8 ± 3.1 | 36.3 ± 2.8 |
| Weight (kg) | 64.7 ± 3.8 | 101.9 ± 4.6* |
| Height (cm) | 169.1 ± 2.7 | 171.9 ± 2.3 |
| BMI (kg·m−2) | 22.5 ± 0.8 | 34.4 ± 1.1 |
| FFM (kg) | 49.1 ± 3.3 | 67.8 ± 3.1* |
| SMM (kg) | 24.0 ± 2.1 | 31.2 ± 2.0* |
| FM (kg) | 15.6 ± 1.9 | 34.0 ± 3.4* |
| FFM (%) | 75.9 ± 2.6 | 66.9 ± 2.4* |
| SMM (%) | 37.3 ± 2.6 | 30.9 ± 2.1 |
| Body fat mass (%) | 24.1 ±2.6 | 33.1 ± 2.4* |
| VO2max (ml·min−1) | 1800 ± 223 | 2289 ± 188 |
| VO2max (ml·kgFFM−1·min−1) | 35.7 ± 2.4 | 33.9 ± 2.4 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 79.9 ± 2.2 | 106.9 ± 3.4* |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 99.7 ± 2.2 | 117.5 ± 3.8* |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.80 ± 0.01 | 0.91 ± 0.03* |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 118 ± 3 | 122 ± 3 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 73 ± 3 | 79 ± 3 |
| Fasting plasma glucose (mg·dl−1) | 87.5 ± 2.2 | 98.4 ± 4.4* |
| 2-hour OGTT plasma glucose (mg·dl−1) | 98.3 ± 9.5 | 126.2 ± 10.1 |
| Fasting plasma insulin (μIU·ml−1) | 4.2 ± 0.5 | 10.9 ± 1.9* |
| Fasting plasma glucagon (pg·ml−1) | 203 ± 78 | 255 ± 102 |
| Matsuda-ISI | 8.9 ± 0.8 | 4.6 ± 1.4* |
| HOMA-IR | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 2.7 ± 0.6* |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.3 ± 0.1 | 5.7 ± 0.1* |
| Plasma triglycerides (mg·dl−1) | 74.8 ± 9.6 | 191.0 ± 43.9* |
| Plasma NEFA (mmol·l−1) | 0.445 ± 0.072 | 0.387 ± 0.050 |
| Total plasma cholesterol (mg·dl−1) | 181.5 ± 14.0 | 178.8 ± 10.2 |
| Plasma HDL cholesterol (mg·dl−1) | 69.1 ± 5.4 | 40.9 ± 2.9* |
| Plasma LDL cholesterol (mg·dl−1) | 97.3 ± 12.6 | 98.4 ± 7.7 |
| TSH (mIU·l−1) | 2.1 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.3 |
Values represent the mean ± SEM. BMI, body mass index. FFM, fat-free mass; SMM, skeletal muscle mass (calculated from bioelectrical impedance analysis-bioresistance measurements (17)); FM, fat mass; VO2max, maximal oxygen uptake; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; Matsuda-ISI, Matsuda Insulin Sensitivity Index; HOMA-IR, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; NEFA, nonesterified fatty acids, HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone;
*
P ≤ 0.05 versus lean subjects.