Table 2.
Antimicrobial resistant patterns detected in 454 Pasteurella multocida isolated from pigs
| Resistance patterns | Number of isolates (%) | |||||||||
| 2010 (n=64) | 2011 (n=112) | 2012 (n=58) | 2013 (n=64) | 2014 (n=57) | 2015 (n=70) | 2016 (n=29) | Total (n=454) | MDR | ||
| No resistance detected | 12 (18.8) | 6 (5.4) | 2 (3.4) | 10 (15.6) | 2 (3.5) | 5 (7.1) | 2 (6.9) | 39 (8.6) | – | |
| 1 | CTC | 1 | 1 | 2 (0.4) | – | |||||
| ENO | 2 | 2 (0.4) | – | |||||||
| FFC | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 9 (2.0) | – | ||
| OTC | 3 | 9 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 19 (4.2) | – | ||
| SDM | 8 | 15 | 6 | 28 | 3 | 10 | 70 (15.4) | – | ||
| TIL | 3 | 3 (0.7) | – | |||||||
| Subtotal | 12 (18.8) | 27 (24.1) | 8 (13.8) | 35 (54.7) | 8 (14.0) | 12 (17.1) | 3 (10.3) | 105 (23.1) | – | |
| 2 | AMP PEN | 2 | 2 (0.4) | – | ||||||
| CTC OTC | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 16 (3.5) | – | ||
| ENO FFC | 1 | 1 | 2 (0.4) | – | ||||||
| ENO SDM | 1 | 1 | 2 (0.4) | – | ||||||
| FFC OTC | 2 | 2 (0.4) | – | |||||||
| SDM CTC | 1 | 1 | 2 (0.4) | – | ||||||
| SDM FFC | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 (1.5) | – | |||
| SDM OTC | 23 | 36 | 5 | 5 | 12 | 1 | 82 (18.1) | – | ||
| TIL OTC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | – | |||||||
| TIL SDM | 3 | 3 (0.7) | – | |||||||
| Subtotal | 24 (37.5) | 39 (34.8) | 6 (10.3) | 12 (18.8) | 18 (31.6) | 12 (17.1) | 8 (27.6) | 119 (26.2) | – | |
| 3 | AMP PEN FFC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | – | ||||||
| AMP PEN SDM | 1 | 1 | 2 (0.4) | – | ||||||
| AMP PEN SPT | 1 | 1 (0.2) | – | |||||||
| ENO CTC OTC | 2 | 2 (0.4) | – | |||||||
| ENO SDM FFC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| ENO SDM OTC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| FFC CTC OTC | 7 | 2 | 9 (2.0) | – | ||||||
| SDM CTC OTC | 13 | 17 | 20 | 2 | 14 | 31 | 5 | 102 (22.5) | – | |
| SDM FFC OTC | 1 | 17 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 27 (5.9) | 27 (5.9) | |||
| SDM SXT OTC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | – | |||||||
| Subtotal | 15 (23.4) | 34 (30.4) | 31 (53.4) | 3 (4.7) | 24 (42.1) | 32 (45.7) | 8 (27.6) | 147 (32.4) | 29 (6.4) | |
| 4 | AMP PEN SDM FFC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | ||||||
| AMP PEN SDM SPT | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| AMP SDM CTC OTC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| AMP XNL PEN OTC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| ENO SDM CTC OTC | 1 | 1 | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | ||||||
| PEN SDM CTC OTC | 2 | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | |||||||
| PEN SDM FFC OTC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| SDM FFC CTC OTC | 2 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 19 (4.2) | 19 (4.2) | |||
| SDM SXT FFC OTC | 1 | 1 | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | ||||||
| Subtotal | 1 (1.6) | 4 (3.6) | 8 (13.8) | 0 (0) | 5 (8.8) | 7 (10.0) | 5 (17.2) | 30 (6.6) | 30 (6.6) | |
| 5 | AMP PEN CTC OTC SPT | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | ||||||
| AMP PEN SDM CTC OTC | 1 | 2 | 3 (0.7) | 3 (0.7) | ||||||
| AMP PEN SDM CTC SPT | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| AMP PEN SDM FFC SPT | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| AMP TIL PEN SDM SPT | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| SDM SXT CTC OTC SPT | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |||||||
| Subtotal | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (1.7) | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 3 (10.3) | 8 (1.8) | 8 (1.8) | |
| 6 | AMP PEN SDM CTC OTC SPT | 2 | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | ||||||
| AMP TIL PEN SDM OTC SPT | 2 | 2 (0.4) | 2 (0.4) | |||||||
| Subtotal | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (3.4) | 2 (3.1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 | 4 (0.9) | 4 (0.9) | |
| 8 | AMP TIL TUL PEN SDM FFC CTC OTC | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | ||||||
| Subtotal | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (3.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |
| 9 | TIL TUL PEN SDM SXT FFC CTC OTC SPT | 1 | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | ||||||
| Subtotal | 0 (0) | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | |
AMP, ampicillin; CTC, chlortetracycline; ENO, enrofloxacin; FFC, florfenicol; MDR, multidrug resistance; OTC, oxytetracycline; PEN, penicillin; SDM, sulphadimethoxine; SPT, spectinomycin; SXT, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole; TIL, tilmicosin; TUL, tulathromycin; XNL, ceftiofur.