Table 4.
Quality Assessment of the Selected Studies.
| No. | Studies | Study Population | Patient Selection | Study Design | Analysis and Data Presentation | Total Score | Level of Studies |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Krause 1997 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 8 | High |
| 2 | Levy 1998 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 4 | Low |
| 3 | Yeo 1998 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
| 4 | O’Connor 2005 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 8 | High |
| 5 | Lidal 2007 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 7 | moderate |
| 6 | Leal-Filho 2008 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
| 7 | Furlan 2009 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 8 | High |
| 8 | Divanoglou 2010 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
| 9 | Furlan 2010 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 9 | High |
| 10 | Hagen 2010 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 8 | High |
| 11 | Ning 2010 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
| 12 | Varma 2010 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 8 | High |
| 13 | Ahoniemi 2011 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
| 14 | Krause 2011 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 8 | High |
| 15 | Krause 2011 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 9 | High |
| 16 | Kawu 2011 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 6 | Moderate |
| 17 | Grossman 2012 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 7 | Moderate |
| 18 | Middleton 2012 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 8 | Moderatea |
| 19 | Cao 2013 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 9 | High |
| 20 | Nwankwo 2013 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 5 | Moderate |
| 21 | Sabre 2013 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 6 | Moderate |
| 22 | Löfvenmark 2014 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 6 | moderate |
| 23 | Barman2014 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 8 | High |
| 24 | Hossain 2015 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 8 | Moderatea |
a
Multivariate analysis has been performed;
**
Multivariate analysis has not been performed