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. 2018 Aug 6;8:11769. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30066-9

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Human, bovine and ascidian sperm kinetics following exposure to metabolic enhancers. Total sperm motility and kinetics (VCL, VSL and VAP) in human (A1,A2), bovine (B1,B2) and ascidian (C1,C2) sperm divided in three groups treated with: (1) five metabolic enhancers (vitamins B6 and B12, 5 methyl THF, zinc and N-acetyl cysteine) (TRT group); (2) n-acetyl-cysteine (NAC group); and (3) medium alone (CNTRL group). Mean (± SE) values in CNTRL, TRT and NAC groups after 0, 90 and 180 min incubation. Statistically significant differences between groups for each evaluated time point are expressed as different capital (A vs. B and C vs. D; P < 0.01) and small (a vs. b; P < 0.05) letters.