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. 2018 Aug 6;8:11750. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30289-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of LL-37 on (a) CCL2 and (b) CCL3 synthesis in PMCs. For CCL2 and CCL3 measurement, PMCs were incubated with different concentrations of LL-37 and hBD-2, anti-IgE at 5 μg/mL (positive control) or medium alone (NS). Data represents the mean ± SD of four independent experiments (each experiment was performed on 2 animals/PMC isolates). Comparisons between groups were carried out by using Student’s t-test for small groups. Differences were considered significant at P < 0.05 and are labeled with an asterisk (*) on each graph (Student’s t-test).