Table 1.
Mineral and bone disorders after kidney transplantation.
| Calcium Disorders |
| Hypercalcemia |
| Hyperparathyroidism |
| Exogenous intake of vitamin D and Calcium |
| Hypocalcemia |
| Parathyroidectomy: Hungry Bone disease |
| Phosphorus Disorders |
| Hypophosphatemia |
| High FGF-23 and PTH |
| Drugs: Steroids, Sirolimus, Tenofovir, Ferric carboxy-maltose |
| Hyperphosphatemia |
| Delayed graft function or CKD in allograft |
| Vitamin D Disorders |
| Hypovitaminosis D |
| PTH Disorders |
| Hyperparathyroidism |
| Polyclonal or monoclonal hyperplasia |
| CKD in allograft |
| Osteopenia and Osteoporosis |
| Aging |
| Residual MBD |
| Hyperparathyroidism |
| Hypogonadism |
| Medications |
| Glucocorticoids, proton pump inhibitors, calcineurin inhibitors |
| Osteonecrosis |
| Glucocorticoids |