Table 1.
Antioxidant activity and concentration levels in soleus muscle 8 weeks after DJOS (1st column) and SHAM (2nd column) surgery, subjected to 16 weeks of different dietary patterns, and intergroup comparison between DJOS and SHAM study groups (3rd column) using descriptive statistics and results of two-way analysis of variance. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
| DJOS | SHAM | p ANOVA | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter | HF/HF | HF/CD | CD/HF | CD/CD | HF/HF | HF/CD | CD/HF | CD/CD | Group | Op. | Int. |
| GR (IU/g) | 3.61 ± 0.80 | 14.32 ± 2.94 | 7.72 ± 1.18 | 29.90 ± 8.98 | 9.96 ± 0.81 | 9.95 ± 0.93 | 6.57 ± 1.28 | 8.05 ± 2.63 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| CAT (IU/g) | 31.95 ± 4.57 | 34.65 ± 3.15 | 47.31 ± 3.45 | 39.28 ± 6.63 | 56.38 ± 13.99 | 58.93 ± 3.68 | 63.91 ± 2.19 | 29.00 ± 3.33 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| GPX (IU/g) | 2.37 ± 0.64 | 3.27 ± 0.87 | 4.44 ± 1.27 | 1.34 ± 0.14 | 3.26 ± 0.78 | 5.14 ± 1.02 | 8.84 ± 0.42 | 4.43 ± 0.25 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| GST (IU/g) | 1.12 ± 0.08 | 1.42 ± 0.26 | 1.47 ± 0.34 | 0.78 ± 0.09 | 1.57 ± 0.34 | 1.38 ± 0.32 | 1.49 ± 0.34 | 1.30 ± 0.11 | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.05 |
| Total SOD (NU/mg) | 85.59 ± 2.90 | 80.72 ± 6.0 | 105.64 ± 17.55 | 74.33 ± 1.69 | 93.16 ± 7.01 | 93.87 ± 3.24 | 91.53 ± 4.40 | 75.55 ± 1.27 | <0.001 | 0.359 | <0.001 |
| MnSOD (NU/mg) | 24.50 ± 4.05 | 36.00 ± 3.02 | 37.67 ± 11.22 | 27.59 ± 3.36 | 30.25 ± 2.93 | 40.93 ± 8.56 | 38.72 ± 8.33 | 39.44 ± 5.17 | <0.001 | <0.01 | 0.246 |
| CuZnSOD (NU/mg) | 55.49 ± 3.42 | 48.73 ± 1.63 | 43.30 ± 2.04 | 35.00 ± 2.92 | 72.19 ± 8.47 | 39.97 ± 4.56 | 53.93 ± 5.64 | 42.44 ± 5.61 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| MDA (μmol/g) | 4.56 ± 0.24 | 5.49 ± 1.34 | 5.57 ± 0.24 | 3.41 ± 0.30 | 4.76 ± 0.57 | 6.82 ± 0.67 | 5.92 ± 0.36 | 4.45 ± 0.30 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.083 |
GR: glutathione reductase; CAT: catalase; GPX: glutathione peroxidase; SOD: total superoxide dismutase; GST: glutathione-S-transferase; MnSOD: Mn superoxide dismutase; ZnSOD: Zn superoxide dismutase; MDA: malondialdehyde; DJOS: duodenal-jejunal omega switch surgery; HF: high-fat diet; CD: control diet; HF/HF, CD/HF, HF/CD, CD/CD: type of diet 8 weeks before/8 weeks after surgery; Op.: operation type; Int.: interaction between group and operation type. Mean ± standard deviation or median (lower – upper quartile).