Figure 2.

Hinokitiol blocked the autophagy pathway against adipocyte differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells. MSCs in the presence of an autophagy inhibitor (CQ) or autophagy inducer (rapamycin) for 1 h were incubated with hinokitiol at various concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 μM) following treatment with MDI and harvested at day 2 during the differentiation period. Western blot for LC3 and p62 proteins was analyzed from MSCs. β-Actin was used as loading control (a–d). MSCs were incubated with hinokitiol at 10 μM following treatment with MDI for 2 days and analyzed by TEM. Arrowheads indicate autophagosomes (e).