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. 2016 Nov 29;214(1):169–179. doi: 10.1111/nph.14328

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Sequence of arrival determines root attractiveness to Diabrotica virgifera virgifera. The number of D. v. virgifera larvae on the roots of plants with different infestation histories was measured in a Petri dish experiment. (a) Diabrotica virgifera virgifera choice between C and AG plants (n = 24). (b) Diabrotica virgifera virgifera choice between C and BG plants (n = 36). (c) Diabrotica virgifera virgifera choice between C and BG > AG plants (n = 36). AG, aboveground Spodoptera frugiperda larval infestation; BG, belowground D. v. virgifera larval infestation; BG > AG, belowground infestation followed by aboveground infestation; C, control without herbivory. Values correspond to mean ± 1 SE. Asterisks indicate a significant difference in preference within each combination and time‐point (ns, nonsignificant; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; GLMM). Differences in preference patterns between treatment combinations are depicted by dashed lines and asterisks on the right of the graph (ns, nonsignificant; ***, P < 0.001; GLM).