Table 2.
Annotation of the candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with dendrometric and tree‐ring traits
| Trait type | SNP | Gene | SNP annotationa | Annotationb | Traits pointed out by GPA | Known function | Known response to abiotic stresses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dendrometric | O‐016 | 2_6731_01 | NS | SLY1 gene, F‐box family protein | H21 | Positive regulator of GA signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana (Ariizumi et al., 2011) | GA3 in A. thaliana (Ariizumi et al., 2011) |
| Dendrometric, A | G‐026 | GQ0206.B3_C13 | NS | Hypothetical protein ACMD2_05917 (Ananas comosus) | DBH21, meanBAI1993–2014 | – | – |
| B | M‐017 | 0_8844_01 | Intron | Galacturonosyltransferase (GAUT) 14 | Tolerance to cold: BAI2003 | Carbohydrate metabolism and cell wall pectin biosynthetic processes in A. thaliana (Sterling et al., 2006; Wang et al., 2011) | Cold in conifers (Bannister & Neuner, 2001) |
| B | O‐002 | 0_8844_01 | S | Galacturonosyltransferase (GAUT) 14 | Tolerance to cold: BAI2003 | Carbohydrate metabolism and cell wall pectin biosynthetic processes in A. thaliana (Sterling et al., 2006; Wang et al., 2011) | Cold in conifers (Bannister & Neuner, 2001) |
| C | G‐004 | GQ0033.TB_H23 | Intron | Endoglucanase 25‐like | Tolerance to cold: CSBAI–Frost.Jun(t) | Carbohydrate metabolism and cellulose synthesis (A. thaliana, Picea glauca; Maloney, 2010) | Diverse abiotic stresses in herbaceous plants (Wang et al., 2016) |
| C | G‐001 | GQ0015.B3.r_B10 | Intron | Vacuolar‐processing enzyme beta‐isozyme 1‐like | Tolerance to cold: CSBAI–Frost.Oct(t−1) | Storage protein accumulation (Gruis et al., 2004) | Stress‐induced programmed cell death process (Hatsugai et al., 2015) |
| C | G‐014 | GQ0081.BR.1_D09 | NS | Plastid movement impaired 1‐related 1 (PMIR1) | Tolerance to drought: CSBAI–Prec.Jul(t) | Chloroplast photorelocation movement (Suetsugu et al., 2015) | Drought in A. thaliana (Rojas‐Pierce et al., 2014) |
| C | N‐033 | 0_7001_01 | NS | NADPH‐dependent diflavin oxidoreductase 1‐like isoform X3 |
Tolerance to cold: CSBAI–Frost.Jun(t)
Tolerance to heat: CSBAI–Temp.Jul(t) |
Modulation of plant growth and development in higher plants (Lodeyro et al., 2012; Karlusich et al., 2014) | Diverse abiotic stresses using transgenic plants (Lodeyro et al., 2012) |
| C | M‐015 | 0_8683_01 | S | Serine/threonine‐protein kinase At1g18390 | Tolerance to drought: CSBAI–Drought.Aug(t) | Signaling and plant defense (Afzal et al., 2008) | Diverse abiotic stresses in herbaceous plants (Afzal et al., 2008) |
| Dendrometric, B, C | M‐016 | 0_8683_01 | NS | Serine/threonine‐protein kinase At1g18390 |
DBH21
Tolerance to cold: BAI2003, CSBAI–Frost.Oct(t−1) Tolerance to drought: CSBAI–Drought.Aug(t) |
Signaling and plant defense (Afzal et al., 2008) | Diverse abiotic stresses in herbaceous plants (Afzal et al., 2008) |
| B, C | N‐029 | 0_6047_02 | Not annotated | Basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) DNA‐binding superfamily protein |
Tolerance to cold: BAI2003, CSBAI–Frost.Oct(t−1), CSBAI–Frost.Jun(t)
Tolerance to heat: CSBAI–Temp.Jul(t) Tolerance to drought: CSBAI–Prec.Jul(t), CSBAI–Drought.Aug(t) |
Anthocyanin biosynthesis, cell proliferation and differentiation (Yamada et al., 2011; Xiang et al., 2015) | Diverse abiotic stresses (Ji et al., 2016) |
| B, C | N‐040 | 2_4107_01 | S | Thylakoid lumenal 19 kDa protein, chloroplastic |
Tolerance to cold: BAI2003, CSBAI–Frost.Jun(t)
Tolerance to heat: CSBAI–Temp.Jul(t) |
Photosynthetic electron transfer (Ishihara et al., 2007) | Diverse abiotic stresses in herbaceous plants (Gururani et al., 2015) |
Known functions and responses to abiotic stresses of homologous genes in other plant species are reported in the two right‐hand columns of the table.
–, No information reported.
a
S, synonymous SNP; NS, nonsynonymous SNP.
b
The most informative annotation has been selected among the 10 top hits for the GQ0081.BR.1_D09 gene.