Table 2.

Sociodemographic characteristics of children.

	ASD (N=359)	DS (N=145)	T1DM (N=155)
Geographical Area [N, (%)]	–	–	–
Northern Italy	82 (22.8)	9 (6.2)	47 (30.3)
Central Italy	141 (39.3)	64 (44.1)	36 (23.2)
Southern Italy	136 (37.9)	72 (49.7)	72 (46.5)
Sex [N, (%)]	–	–	–
Male	309 (86.1)	87 (60.0)	77 (49.7)
Female	50 (13.9)	58 (40.0)	77 (49.7)
Age Range [N, (%)]	–	–	–
5-8	140 (39.0)	49 (33.8)	39 (25.2)
9-12	113 (31.5)	49 (33.8)	60 (38.7)
13-17	106 (29.5)	47 (32.4)	56 (36.1)
Age (mean ± SD)	9.9 ± 3.7	10.3 ±3.9	11.0 ±3.5
Educational Support at School [N, (%)]	–	–	–
Yes	329 (91.6)	138 (95.2)	0 (0.0)
No	19 (5.3)	7 (4.8)	155 (100.0)
Public Financial Support for School Attendance [N, (%)]	–	–	–
Yes	123 (34.3)	39 (26.9)	40 (25.8)
No	223 (62.1)	106 (73.1)	115 (74.2)
Invalidity Benefit [N, (%)]	–	–	–
Yes	234 (65.2)	128 (88.3)	2 (1.3)
No	107 (29.8)	11 (7.6)	147 (94.8)
Parental Work Facilitation [N, (%)]	–	–	–
Yes	187 (52.1)	82 (56.6)	12 (7.7)
No	159 (44.3)	58 (40.0)	143 (92.3)
Parental Membership in Family Associations [N, (%)]	–	–	–
Yes	121 (33.7)	103 (71.0)	74 (47.7)
No	226 (63.0)	41 (28.3)	81 (52.3)
Single-parent Family [N, (%)]	–	–	–
Mother only	10 (2.8)	2 (1.4)	2 (1.3)
Father only	6 (1.7)	1 (0.7)	0 (0.0)
Number of Other Siblings [N, (%)]	–	–	–
0	97 (27.0)	30 (20.7)	37 (23.9)
1	205 (57.1)	71 (49.0)	93 (60.0)
2	34 (9.5)	28 (19.3)	21 (13.5)
3	10 (2.8)	9 (6.2)	2 (1.3)
4	2 (0.6)	6 (4.1)	1 (0.6)
Parental Full-time Employment [N, (%)]	–	–	–
Both parents	97 (27.0)	38 (26.2)	49 (31.6)
Father only	207 (57.7)	91 (62.8)	87 (56.1)
Mother only	6 (1.7)	1 (0.7)	8 (5.2)

ASD = Autism Spectrum Disorder; DS = Down’s syndrome; T1DM = Type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Numbers may not sum to total due to missing data. Percentages are calculated as percentage of both available and missing data.