Table 1.

Summarized new and current drug targets in neurodegenerative diseases (AD, PD, ALS and HD) using in-silico approaches.

Diseases	AD	PD	ALS	HD
Characterization	Death and malfunctioning of neurons	Death of substantia nigra cells	Loss of upper and lower motor neurons	Degeneration of Nerve Cells
Risk Factors	Hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins FAD Mutations Presenilin-1 or -2, APP SAD Apo-ε, APOE4,Aging	Poor lifestyle & Poor diet Abnormal expression SNCA, PARK2, PINK1, DJ1, LRRK2, ATP13A2 Blockage of Adenosine A2A receptors	Mutations SODI, FIG4, FUS/TLS, TARDBP, ANG, VAPB PON1, Hetereochromatosis gene, Neurofilament heavy chain gene Repeat (GGGGCC) in C9ORF72	Mutations HTT, Higher repeats of CAG in HTT allele Interacting Proteins HTT-interacting protein 1 GRB2-like protein 3 Protein kinase C Postsynaptic density-95 FIP-2
Targets for potential therapeutics	Acetylcholinesterase, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, Muscarinic and nicotinic ACh receptors, Tau proteins Beta-secretase enzymes	Mutant LRRK2 SNCA Motif Mutated expression & mitochondria localization PINK1, PARK2, DJ1 Dopamine receptors	Mutant SODI SODI oligomerization CASP-3, CASP-8 TDP-43, p38 MAPK Nav1.6 sodium channel	Mutant HTT, Infant Testing HTT Interacting proteins Specificity protein 1 Nuclear receptor co-repressor, HTT-interacting protein 1, Postsynaptic density-95, FIP-2
Computationally derived compounds for Neurodegenerative diseases	AChE Compounds Flavonoid derivatives, macluraxanthone, kaempferol, rutin, quercetin, pyridopyrimidine, 6-chloro-pyridonepezil and pyridonepezil & piperazine derivatives, memantine antagonist of NMDA Triazolyl-amidine derivatives 3-substituted-1H-indoles, 1-benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro- b-carboline, and ifrenprodil, AF267B compound OM00-3 and OM99-2 of BACE1 Flavones & flavonol derivatives morin, kaempferol, quercetin, apigenin and myricentin	LRRK2 kinase inhibitors pyrroloquinoline quinone Dopamine related compounds	Antiglutamatergic compound Riluzole TCM Hesperidin and THSG Non-peptidyl natural Curcumin and Rosmarinic CK-1δ inhibitors Compound 20 and 24 ZINCPharmer 1, 2, 3, 16, 17, 18, 22,24,25,27,28	T1-11 from Chinese medicinal herb inhibiting transcription of adenosinergic pathway