Table 1.

Characteristics of included studies to determine the prevalence of DN and association with hypertension among diabetic patients in sub-Saharan countries

Authors name	Region	Country	Diagnostic criteria	Types of DM	Study design	Age of subjects	Sample size	No of people with outcome	Prevalence (%)
Rahlenbech [43]	Eastern Africa	Ethiopia	Microalbuminuria	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	170	55	32.35
Sobngwi et al. [44]	Central Africa	Cameroon	Microalbuminuria	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	64	34	53.13
Motala et al. [45]	Southern Africa	South Africa	Proteinuria	Both types	Cross-sectional	All	219	54	24.66
Wanjohi et al. [46]	Eastern Africa	Kenya	Albuminuria	Type 2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	100	26	26.00
Rotchford and Rotchford [31]	Southern Africa	South Africa	Microalbuminuria	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	254	102	40.16
Albiosu [47]	Western Africa	Nigeria	Microalbuminuria	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	342	97	28.36
Alebiosu et al. [48]	Western Africa	Nigeria	Any sign	Both types	Cross-sectional	Not report	465	191	41.08
Agaba et al. [49]	Western Africa	Nigeria	Microalbuminuria	Type-2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	65	32	49.23
Mafundikwa et al. [50]	Eastern Africa	Zimbabwe	Proteinuria	Type-2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	75	16	21.33
Lutale et al. [51]	Eastern Africa	Tanzania	Microalbuminuria	Both types	Cross-sectional	All age	244	26	10.66
Majaliiwa et al. [52]	Eastern Africa	Tanzania	Microalbuminuria	Type-1	Cross-sectional	< 18	99	29	29.29
Rahamtalla et al. [53]	Eastern Africa	Sudan	Nephropathy	Type-2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	58	26	44.83
Rasmussen et al. [54]	Eastern Africa	Zambia	Microalbuminuria	Not-report	Cross-sectional	< 18	193	24	12.44
Tamba et al. [55]	Central Africa	Cameroon	Nephropathy	Type-2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	140	35	25.00
Janmohamed et al. [56]	Eastern Africa	Tanzania	eGFR	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	369	308	83.47
Ajayi et al. [57]	Western Africa	Nigeria	eGFR	Type 2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	628	242	38.54
Deribe et al. [58]	Eastern Africa	Ethiopia	eGFR	Not report	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	216	19	8.80
Fiseha et al. [59]	Eastern Africa	Ethiopia	eGFR	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	214	51	23.83
Bunza et al. [60]	Western Africa	Nigeria	Nephropathy	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	100	22	22.00
Ngassa et al. [61]	Southern Africa	South Africa	Microalbuminuria	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	754	251	33.29
Diouf et al. [62]	Western Africa	Senegal	Microalbuminuria	Type-2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	195	95	48.72
Chukwuani et al. [63]	Western Africa	Nigeria	Microalbuminuria	Type-2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	200	76	38.00
Bekele [64]	Eastern Africa	Ethiopia	Nephropathy	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	355	68	19.15
Ufuoma et al. [65]	Western Africa	Nigeria	Microalbuminuria	Type-2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	200	116	58.00
Machinngura et al. [66]	Eastern Africa	Zimbabwe	Nephropathy	Both types	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	344	154	44.77
Radikara [67]	Southern Africa	Botswana	Nephropathy	Type-2	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	408	259	63.48
Marie et al. [30]	Central Africa	Cameroon	Microalbuminuria	Not report	Cross-sectional	≥ 18	81	28	34.57