Table 5.
Rates of Criteria and Symptoms
| % | n | |
|---|---|---|
| Diagnostic criteria | ||
| Re-experiencing (all algorithms) | 88.7 | 252 |
| DSM-5-UC avoidance/numbing | 75.0 | 213 |
| PTSD-AA avoidance/numbing | 70.1 | 199 |
| DSM-5 avoidance/numbing | 69.0 | 196 |
| DSM-IV avoidance/numbing | 15.5 | 44 |
| DSM-IV, PTSD-AA, and DSM-5 increased arousal | 65.1 | 185 |
| DSM-5-UC increased arousal | 68.3 | 194 |
| PTSD symptoms | ||
| Constituent of DSM-IV re-experiencing criterion | ||
| Psychological distress at reminders | 75.4 | 214 |
| Intrusive recollections | 44.7 | 127 |
| Nightmares | 42.3 | 120 |
| Flashbacks | 18.3 | 52 |
| Physiological distress at reminders | 17.3 | 49 |
| Constituent of the DSM-IV avoidance/numbing criterion | ||
| Avoid activities, places, persons | 53.9 | 153 |
| Avoid thoughts, feelings, conversations | 28.5 | 81 |
| Restricted range of affect | 16.2 | 46 |
| Social withdrawal/detachment | 13.7 | 39 |
| Loss of interest in activities | 13.4 | 38 |
| Inability to recall an important aspect | 4.6 | 13 |
| Sense of a foreshortened future | 0.4 | 1 |
| Constituent of the DSM-IV increased arousal criterion | ||
| Irritability, outbursts, temper | 62.3 | 177 |
| Sleep difficulty | 57.4 | 163 |
| Exaggerated startle response | 37.0 | 105 |
| Difficulty concentrating | 35.2 | 100 |
| Hypervigilance | 26.1 | 74 |
| New symptoms proposed in DSM-5 | ||
| Negative emotional state | 28.9 | 82 |
| Suicidal (self-endangering) | 18.1 | 51 |
| Restricted positive affect | 14.8 | 42 |
Note: DSM-IV= Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition. PTSD-AA = proposed alternative algorithm for young children. DSM-5 = proposed DSM-5 posttraumatic stress in preschool children. DSM-5-UC = DSM-5 with two symptoms under consideration