Table 3.

Comparison between the ratios of hormone levels in serum to their levels in prostate tissue homogenates in BPH patients with and without MetS

Parameters		Patients with BPH and with MetS (n = 53)				Patients with BPH and without MetS (n = 101)				p-value
		$\overline{\mathrm{X}}$	SD	Min	Max	$\overline{\mathrm{X}}$	SD	Min	Max
Concentration ratio serum:tissue	DHEAS	0.97	0.88	0.003	3.08	0.59	0.40	0.002	2.95	0.906
	E2	4.12×103	4.90×103	5.09×102	3.13×104	4.68×103	4.16×103	7.85×102	2.53×104	0.050
	SHBG	1,928.59	9,303.96	3,875.12	4,813.72	2,529.23	1,386.28	3,529.62	6,605.10	0.025*
	LH	69.44	68.34	6.90	380.29	87.18	77.11	5.61	480.62	0.096
	TT	0.49	0.40	0.06	2.25	0.56	0.35	0.02	3.02	0.981
	TF	613.57	643.44	13.30	2,769.71	791.02	907.02	6.85	5,456.04	0.452
	IGF-1	440.70	436.72	55.82	2,357.10	395.38	730.49	64.64	6,621.70	0.202
	I	4.69×105	1.37×106	3.18×102	8.85×106	2.89×105	2.78×105	1.30×103	1.29×106	0.734

Note: p, statistical significance; $\overline{\mathrm{X}}$, arithmetic average;

^*statistically significant parameter (Mann–Whitney U-test and Student’s t-test).

Abbreviations: BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia; MetS, metabolic syndrome; SD, standard deviation; Min, minimum; Max, maximum; DHEAS, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; E2, estradiol; SHBG, sex hormone binding globulin; LH, luteinizing hormone; TT, total testosterone; TF, free testosterone; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; I, insulin.