Table 1. Sample demographics and self-report descriptives.
| Mean(SD) Range; α |
TD-controls | ASD | TD-dep | Group differencesa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 19 | 21 | 13 | |
| Age in Years | 26.6(4.5) 21–35 |
22.4(4.6) 18–33 |
23.9(3.3) 19–32 |
F(2, 32.52) = 4.24, p = .023; TD-con>ASD, p = .003 |
| Verbal IQ | 114.4(14.3) 90–147 |
101(10.9) 81–120 |
115(8.4) 98–130 |
F(2, 32.01) = 10.06, p < .001; TD-con>ASD, p < .001 TD-dep>ASD, p = .001 |
| Nonverbal IQ | 107.9(15.1) 79–136 |
106.6(15.2) 71–141 |
110.3(9.7) 89–126 |
n.s. |
| Gender (% F/Other) | 56% | 19% | 54 / 8% | χ2(1) = 6.4, p = .01(ASD<TD-con) χ2(1) = 6.9, p = .03(ASD<TD-dep) |
| Non-White | 21% | 5% | 8% | n.s. |
| Highest Education (% HS or Less) |
0 | 32% | 0 | χ2(2) = 11.45, p = .003 ASD<TD-con,TD-dep |
| BDI-II | 2.0(2.1) 0–8; α = .66 |
11.5(10.0) 0–29; α = .90 |
24.5(6.3) 17–34; α = .71 |
F(2, 21.96) = 81.12, p < .001; TD-con<ASD<TD-dep (all p < .001) |
| RRS | 30.6(8.0) 23–53; α = .91 |
42.3(13.4) 23–74; α = .93 |
53.3(7.0) 39–65; α = .69 |
F(2, 30.92) = 34.44, p < .001; TD-con<ASD (p = .003), TD-con<TD-dep (p < .001), ASD<TD-dep (p < .001) |
| RBS-R Total | 3.7(5.0) 0–15 |
21.4(23.4) 0–79 |
12.1(15.0) 0–56 |
F(2, 21.08) = 6.94, p = .005; TD-con<ASD, p = .001 |
| SRS-RRB T-score | 43.2(3.7) 40–57 |
67.3(12.2) 50–87 |
55.1(10.6) 43–80 |
F(2, 22.51) = 40.73, p < .001; TD-con<ASD (p < .001), TD-con<TD-dep (p = .001), ASD>TD-dep (p < .001) |
| IS Intensity Total | 8.1(1.7) 5–11 |
11.9(3.8) 7–20 |
10.0(1.8) 8–14 |
F(2, 28.45) = 9.61, p < .001; TD-con<ASD (p < .001) |
a Group differences reported only when Fisher’s LSD or chi-square tests of association significant at p < .05. See Supplementary Materials (S1 File) for empirically-based discussion of why observed group differences on demographic variables likely would not affect the current results, and S1 Table for key variable means by gender.
Note. TD-con = typically developing control adults with no history of depression or anxiety; ASD = adults with autism spectrum disorder; TD-dep = typically developing adults with current depressive disorders; BDI-II = Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition; RRS = Ruminative Response Scale; RBS-R Total = Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised overall total score; SRS-RRB T-score = Social Responsiveness Scale, 2nd edition, Restricted Repetitive Behavior subscale T-score; IS Intensity Total = Interests Scale overall “Intensity” score.