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. 2018 Jul 26;14(7):e1007182. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007182

Fig 2. Sm infection alters vaccine-specific cellular responses and treatment with PZQ only partially restores these responses close to normal.

Fig 2

Mice were chronically infected with Sm before vaccination with a DNA-vectored and MVA-vectored HIV-1 (DNA+MVA) vaccine or an MVA-vectored HIV-1 and a HIV-1 gp140 Env protein (MVA+gp140) vaccine regimen with or without prior anti-helminthic treatment with PZQ. Spleens were collected 12 days after the last vaccination. The splenocytes were stimulated and the induced cytokines measured in an IFN-γ (A) and IL-2 (B) ELISpot, cytometric bead array (C, D, and E), and intracellular cytokine staining (F, G, and H) assays. Results represent 3 independent experiments and plotted as the mean + SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired, two-tailed t-test analysis followed by FDR for multiple comparisons. (*: p<0.05; **: p<0.01; ***: p<0.001).