Table 2.
Clinical and radiological features of the intracranial atherosclerotic plaques
| Intracranial atherosclerosis | Multivariate odds ratio (95 %CI) b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acute/sub-acute symptomatic | Asymptomatic | p valuea | ||
| Gender | 0.023 | |||
| Male | 46 | 18 | ||
| Female | 15 | 17 | ||
| Age | 61.68 ± 10.75 | 62.14 ± 8.92 | 0.828 | |
| Diabetes mellitusc | 23 | 11 | 0.716 | |
| Hypertensiond | 48 | 30 | 0.323 | |
| Hyperlipidaemiad | 23 | 11 | 0.574 | |
| Smoking | 23 | 4 | 0.013 | |
| IPH | 19 | 1 | 0.003 | 17.803 (2.093, 151.472) p = 0.008 |
| Plaque burden (%) | 83.24 ± 9.71 | 85.04 ± 7.51 | 0.345 | |
| MLA (mm3) | 3.78 ± 2.80 | 2.39 ± 1.46 | 0.008 | 1.515 (1.123, 2.043) p = 0.007 |
| Degree of stenosis (%) | 53.69 ± 15.19 | 53.76 ± 16.73 | 0.984 | |
| Enhancement ratio (%) | 24.20 ± 29.46 | 3.38 ± 21.91 | <0.001 | 71.979 (3.840, 1349.211) p = 0.004 |
IPH intraplaque haemorrhage, MLA minimum luminal area
aTwo independent-samples t-test for continuous variables
bResults from multivariate analysis
cDiabetes mellitus: two fasting glucose measurements above 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/l) or glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) ≥48 mmol/mol
dHypertension: a systolic or a diastolic blood pressure measurement consistently higher than an accepted normal value (this is above 139 mmHg systolic, 89 mmHg diastolic)
eHyperlipidemia: abnormally elevated levels of any or all lipids or lipoproteins in the blood;LDL-C >130mg/dl, HDL-C <40mg/dl, TG >150mg/dl, TC > 200mg/dl