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. 2018 Aug 7;8:11792. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30196-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Growth of C. freundii metabolic mutants in defined medium. Wild-type (WT) C. freundii strain UMH14, mutants harboring vector control plasmids, and complemented mutants were cultured in defined M9 medium. Bacterial growth was measured by optical density (600 nm) in 15-minute intervals with each point representing the mean from triplicate cultures ± standard deviation. Supplements were added to the base M9 salts solution as follows: (A) 22 mM glucose; (B) 22 mM glucose and 10 mM OAS; (C) 22 mM glucose and 1 mM cysteine; (D) 22 mM glucose; (E) 22 mM mannitol; (F) 22 mM glucose.