Table 5.
Association between exposure to different oral osteoarthritis therapies and occurrence of knee replacement
| Acetaminophen | NSAIDs | COX-2 inhibitors | Narcotics | Glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | ORb | 95% CI | p c | n | ORb | 95% CI | p c | n | ORb | 95% CI | p c | n | ORb | 95% CI | p c | n | ORb | 95% CI | p c | |
| Primary analysis | ||||||||||||||||||||
| In the 3 years prior to index date (n = 521: 161 KR/360 controls) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Exposure 1–79%a | 124 | 1.09 | (0.66–1.78) | 0.745 | 313 | 1.05 | (0.64–1.72) | 0.839 | 68 | 1.13 | (0.48–2.67) | 0.784 | 67 | 1.00 | (0.48–2.09) | 0.995 | 120 | 0.85 | (0.50–1.48) | 0.573 |
| Exposure ≥ 80%a | 14 | 1.11 | (0.30–4.09) | 0.872 | 44 | 1.66 | (0.93–2.95) | 0.086 | 21 | 1.15 | (0.47–2.83) | 0.761 | ND | 163 | 0.73 | (0.43–1.23) | 0.236 | |||
| Secondary Analyses | ||||||||||||||||||||
| In the 2 years prior to index date (n = 642: 193 KR/449 controls) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Exposure 1–79%a | 210 | 1.10 | (0.66–1.84) | 0.722 | 369 | 0.96 | (0.60–1.54) | 0.853 | 88 | 1.40 | (0.57–3.48) | 0.465 | 77 | 1.19 | (0.54–2.58) | 0.670 | 255 | 0.70 | (0.39–1.26) | 0.235 |
| Exposure ≥ 80%a | 20 | 1.46 | (0.69–3.11) | 0.322 | 58 | 1.41 | (0.88–2.26) | 0.159 | 27 | 1.18 | (0.55–2.52) | 0.671 | ND | 166 | 1.00 | (0.65–1.55) | 0.989 | |||
| In the 4 years prior to index date (n = 363: 121 KR/242 controls) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Exposure 1–79%a | 113 | 1.34 | (0.74–2.41) | 0.333 | 234 | 1.40 | (0.78–2.52) | 0.256 | 50 | 1.63 | (0.64–4.13) | 0.303 | 50 | 1.43 | (0.62–3.33) | 0.405 | 156 | 0.65 | (0.33–1.25) | 0.191 |
| Exposure ≥ 80%a | ND | 26 | 1.65 | (0.75–3.66) | 0.215 | ND | ND | 83 | 0.63 | (0.32–1.21) | 0.165 | |||||||||
| In the 5 years prior to index date (n = 228: 82 KR/146 controls) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Exposure 1–79%a | 60 | 1.38 | (0.66–2.88) | 0.397 | 110 | 1.88 | (0.85–4.20) | 0.121 | 18 | 1.35 | (0.41–4.49) | 0.623 | 33 | 1.19 | (0.48–2.93) | 0.706 | 54 | 0.90 | (0.37–2.14) | 0.803 |
| Exposure ≥ 80%a | 15 | 1.66 | (0.44–6.35) | 0.457 | 45 | 2.27 | (0.90–5.71) | 0.081 | ND | ND | 70 | 0.73 | (0.33–1.64) | 0.445 | ||||||
CI confidence interval, COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2, KR knee replacement, ND not determinable, n value too small, NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, OA osteoarthritis, OR odds ratio
aCompared to the “no exposure” category
bAdjusted for race, body mass index, other medication for pain, joint space width, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) stiffness, meniscal extrusion, bone marrow lesions, and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)
cConditional logistic regression