Table 2.

Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMRs), by Characteristics of Individuals with TBI During the Time Period of the Study

	Observed deaths	Expected deaths	SMRa	95% confidence interval
Overall	1325.4	594.7	2.23	2.11–2.35
By time period
> 1 year post–injury	879.2	570.7	1.54	1.44–1.64
Age at injury
15–19	7.6	0.7	11.58	3.37–19.79
20–24	17.1	2.5	6.86	3.60–10.11
25–34	26.9	3.3	8.24	5.12–11.35
35–44	46.6	4.9	9.56	6.82–12.31
45–54	104.2	12.2	8.55	6.91–10.19
55–64	107.5	21.3	5.04	4.09–5.99
65–74	245.1	55.6	4.41	3.86–4.96
75–84	530.0	200.8	2.64	2.41–2.86
≥ 85	240.3	293.5	0.82	0.72–0.92
Sex
Male	871.1	335.7	2.60	2.42–2.77
Female	454.2	259.1	1.75	1.59–1.92
Race/ethnicity
White	1118.0	520.0	2.15	2.02–2.28
Black	85.7	35.2	2.43	1.92–2.95
Hispanic	61.4	22.2	2.76	2.07–3.45
Asian	60.2	17.3	3.49	2.61–4.37
Glasgow Coma Scale Score at emergency department (ED) admission
N/A, sedated at ED admission	111.6	26.8	4.17	3.40–4.94
Severe (3–8)	127.6	32.7	3.90	3.23–4.58
Moderate (9–12)	138.0	29.6	4.67	3.89–5.45
Mild (13–15)	837.4	463.4	1.81	1.69–1.93

^aBolded SMRs are statistically significant; that is, the mortality of individuals with TBI is different from that of the general population.