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Generation and circulation of salivary circulating biomarkers (CBs). (a) Exosome and ctDNA are generated by exocytosis of multi-vesicular bodies (MVBs) and apoptosis and necrosis of cancer cells, respectively; (b) The produced biomarkers invade into blood vessels near the cancer tissue; (c) By circulating of body fluid, the biomarkers are present in saliva at low concentrations.
