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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Toxicol In Vitro. 2018 Apr 23;51:129–135. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.04.009

Table 1.

Impact of exclusion criteria on the conclusion of the skin permeation experiments.

Skin group/exclusion criterion Number of skin samples (n) Fentanyl delivery rate (μg/h)a Maximum fentanyl delivery rate (μg/h) Number of samples with delivery rate > 100 μg/h Number of samples with delivery rate > 130 μg/h Number of samples with delivery rate < 100 μg/h and excluded
All TEWL subset 289 57 ± 33 270 22 (8%) 7 (2%) N/A
TEWL < 20 g/m2/h 248b 53 ± 27 163 12 (5%) 2 (1%) 31 (11%)c
TEWL < 10 g/m2/h 145b 45 ± 22 105 2 (1%) 0 124 (43%)c
All conductance subset 344 64 ± 36 270 47 (14%) 12 (3%) N/A
Conductance < 0.1 mS/cm2 300b 60 ± 35 270 33 (11%) 9 (3%) 30 (9%)d
Conductance < 0.07 mS/cm2 157b 49 ± 27 128 9 (6%) 0 149 (43%)d
Conductance < 0.05 mS/cm2 102b 45 ± 25 128 3 (3%) 0 198 (58%)d
a

Mean ± SD.

b

Number of skin samples that meet the criterion.

c

Based on total of 289 skin samples.

d

Based on total of 344 skin samples.