HbA1c at 4-year follow-up	Incident abnormal glucose metabolism at 4-year follow-up
	Adjusted coefficient (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)
Purpose
Low	1.0 (reference)	1.0 (reference)
Medium	−0.04 (−0.09 to 0.01)	0.84 (0.68 to 1.05)
High	−0.07 (−0.13 to −0.02)*	0.78 (0.62 to 0.99)*
Baseline HbA1c	0.45 (0.38 to 0.52)*	6.19 (4.18 to 9.16)*
Age	0.005 (−0.02 to 0.03)	1.00 (0.88 to 1.14)
Female gender	−0.03 (−0.06 to 0.00)*	0.78 (0.69 to 0.90)*
Race
White	1.0 (reference)	1.0 (reference)
Black	0.06 (−0.01 to 0.14)	1.62 (1.17 to 2.25)*
Other	0.09 (−0.01 to 0.18)	1.55 (0.91 to 2.66)
Hispanic ethnicity	0.02 (−0.06 to 0.10)	1.11 (0.77 to 1.59)
Education
< 12 years	1.0 (reference)	1.0 (reference)
12 years	0.02 (−.05 to 0.1)	1.06 (0.76 to 1.47)
>12 years	−0.003 (−0.07 to 0.08)	0.98 (0.69 to 1.39)
Partnered	−0.01 (−0.05 to 0.02)	0.84 (0.68 to 1.03)
Total household wealth
Bottom 25%	1.0 (reference)	1.0 (reference)
25%–50%	0.03 (−0.02 to 0.08)	0.96 (0.75 to 1.23)
50%–75%	0.02 (−0.03 to 0.07)	0.93 (0.73 to 1.20)
Top 25%	0.002 (−0.05 to 0.06)	0.78 (0.55 to 1.10)
Body mass index kg/m2	0.01 (0.00 to 0.01)*	1.03 (1.01 to 1.05)*
More than once per week
Light physical activity	0.02 (−0.01 to 0.05)	0.89 (0.70 to 1.12)
Moderate physical activity	0.003 (−0.04 to 0.04)	0.88 (0.71 to 1.10)
Vigorous physical activity	−0.03 (−0.06 to 0.05)	0.90 (0.75 to 1.10)
Poor self-reported health status	0.005 (−0.06 to 0.07)	0.89 (0.70 to 1.14)
Difficulty with ≥ ADL	0.023 (−0.06 to 0.11)	1.00 (0.72 to 1.40)
Difficulty with ≥ IADL	0.01 (−0.10 to 0.12)	1.01 (0.66 to 1.55)
CES-D < 4	−0.004 (−0.06 to 0.05)	0.97 (0.73 to 1.28)
Self-reported mental health condition	−0.04 (−0.10 to 0.02)	1.08 (0.80 to 1.46)

ADL activities of daily living; CES-D Center for Epidimiologic Studies Depression; CI confidence interval; HbA1c hemoglobin A1c; IADL instrumental activities of daily living; OR odd ratio.

*p < .05.