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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Prev Med. 2018 Jun 18;114:72–78. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.06.008

Table 2.

Perceived Tobacco Product Harm, Curiosity, and Willingness: Mean Scores and Percent with Longitudinal Change

New Use of: Perceived Harm (Cigarettes) Curiosity (Cigarettes) Willingness (Cigarettes)
n Mean Scores %a who decreased n Mean Scores %a who increased n Mean Scores %a who increased
Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 1 Wave 2
Cigarettes yes 240 3.75 3.51 30.2 -b -b -b -b -b -b -b -b
no 7735 3.83 3.83 9.6 7730 1.25 1.27 12.0 7743 1.13 1.18 10.6
E-cigarettes yes 542 3.78 3.69 19.5 416 1.48 1.65 29.6 414 1.31 1.53 27.0
no 7407 3.83 3.83 9.5 7288 1.24 1.25 11.4 7302 1.12 1.16 9.6
Hookah yes 169 3.79 3.68 21.5 122 1.50 1.65 25.3 121 1.28 1.51 31.0
no 7806 3.82 3.83 10.0 7607 1.25 1.26 12.2 7622 1.13 1.17 10.3
Other combustibles yes 172 3.75 3.49 29.1 104 1.43 1.53 26.4 105 1.31 1.53 28.6
no 7899 3.83 3.83 9.7 7555 1.25 1.27 12.2 7566 1.13 1.17 10.2
Smokeless yes 98 3.59 3.46 23.6 67 1.40 1.32 9.8 67 1.23 1.46 27.5
no 7742 3.83 3.83 10.0 7531 1.25 1.27 12.5 7544 1.13 1.17 10.4
New Use of: Perceived Harm (E-cigarettes) Curiosity (E-cigarettes) Willingness (E-cigarettes)
n Mean Scores %a who decreased n Mean Scores %a who increased n Mean Scores %a who increased
Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 1 Wave 2
Cigarettes yes 226 2.66 2.61 31.8 75 1.49 1.77 33.0 75 1.34 2.04 52.1
no 6450 2.95 3.05 20.8 6103 1.22 1.31 16.0 6109 1.17 1.25 14.6
E-cigarettes yes 501 2.63 2.37 37.6 -b -b -b -b -b -b -b -b
no 6152 2.96 3.09 19.8 6173 1.22 1.32 16.5 6179 1.18 1.26 15.0
Hookah yes 151 2.66 2.50 33.4 -c -c -c -c -c -c -c -c
no 6526 2.94 3.05 20.9 6127 1.22 1.31 16.1 6133 1.17 1.25 14.7
Other combustibles yes 155 3.75 3.49 29.1 55 1.43 1.53 26.4 55 1.58 2.08 43.5
no 6465 3.83 3.83 9.7 6078 1.25 1.27 12.2 6083 1.17 1.25 14.9
Smokeless yes 88 2.50 2.59 25.6 -c -c -c -c -c -c -c -c
no 6491 2.94 3.04 21.1 6048 1.22 1.32 16.2 6054 1.17 1.26 15.0
New Use of: Perceived Harm (Hookah) Curiosity (Hookah) Willingness (Hookah)
n Mean Scores %a who decreased n Mean Scores %a who increased n Mean Scores %a who increased
Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 1 Wave 2
Cigarettes yes 161 2.96 2.79 37.1 126 1.74 1.98 36.4 126 1.70 2.24 46.6
no 3912 3.18 3.15 25.5 3960 1.33 1.40 17.5 3955 1.26 1.38 19.0
E-cigarettes yes 378 2.93 2.81 31.7 337 1.62 1.88 32.6 338 1.60 2.03 40.8
no 3683 3.20 3.17 25.3 3737 1.31 1.37 16.7 3731 1.24 1.35 17.9
Hookah yes 138 2.67 2.37 37.1 -b -b -b -b -b -b -b -b
no 3934 3.19 3.17 25.6 4085 1.34 1.42 18.3 4080 1.27 1.41 19.9
Other combustibles yes 130 2.83 2.62 40.4 107 1.82 2.01 34.6 107 1.72 2.34 51.1
no 3910 3.19 3.16 25.5 3950 1.33 1.40 17.6 3943 1.25 1.38 19.0
Smokeless yes -c -c -c -c -c -c -c -c -c -c -c -c
no 3980 3.17 3.14 26.0 3998 1.34 1.42 18.2 3993 1.26 1.41 19.9
New Use of: Perceived Harm (Smokeless) Curiosity (Smokeless) Willingness (Smokeless)
n Mean Scores %a who decreased n Mean Scores %a who increased n Mean Scores %a who increased
Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 1 Wave 2 Wave 1 Wave 2
Cigarettes yes 197 3.43 3.37 23.7 181 1.14 1.18 8.0 181 1.16 1.36 20.9
no 5417 3.55 3.60 15.5 5502 1.09 1.09 4.5 5509 1.07 1.08 5.5
E-cigarettes yes 449 3.43 3.44 21.4 426 1.16 1.14 6.8 426 1.15 1.23 14.0
no 5150 3.55 3.61 15.3 5241 1.09 1.09 4.5 5248 1.06 1.08 5.3
Hookah yes 125 3.36 3.29 24.9 122 1.18 1.21 8.8 122 1.18 1.33 16.4
no 5491 3.55 3.60 15.6 253 1.09 1.09 4.6 5570 1.07 1.09 5.8
Other combustibles yes 134 3.40 3.24 30.3 117 1.25 1.26 9.6 117 1.20 1.46 22.9
no 5450 3.55 3.61 15.5 5535 1.09 1.09 4.5 5540 1.07 1.08 5.6
Smokeless yes 71 3.19 2.94 38.0 -b -b -b -b -b -b -b -b
no 5481 3.55 3.61 15.5 5616 1.09 1.09 4.6 5621 1.07 1.09 5.9

Results are weighted means and percentages (Wave 2 balanced repeated replicate weights). Greater mean scores indicate greater perceived harm, curiosity, or willingness to try that product (scale: 1 to 4).

Setting: Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health, United States, 2013–2015

a

Percent of individuals (weighted) whose perception scores were lower at Wave 2 (e.g., from “a lot of harm” to “no harm”) or whose curiosity or willingness scores were higher at Wave 2 (e.g., from “not at all curious” to “very curious”); dichotomous

b

Individuals who had used a product by Wave 2 were no longer asked about their curiosity or willingness to try that product.

c

Number of individuals who initiated this product and provided outcome response is below the PATH reporting threshold.