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. 2018 Aug 2;9:807. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00807

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Copyright © 2018 Ho, Chen, Wang, Hsu, Chin, Yang, Wang, Chen, Shih, Liu, Wang, Whang-Peng, Tang, Lin, Liu and Lin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of AFE-reduced blood glucose is comparable to that of metformin in hyperglycemic mice. Hyperglycemic mice were injected with metformin (50 mg/kg) or AFE (50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Glucose was injected intraperitoneally after metformin or AFE administration. Blood glucose was measured at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min after glucose administration. (A) The time courses of blood glucose concentration measured in fructose-induced hyperglycemic mice treated with metformin and AFE (50 mg/kg). NS: treated with normal saline as control. Data are shown as mean ± SD (n = 16). ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗∗p < 0.001, compared to untreated control group. (B) Measurement of the area under the incremental blood glucose concentration curve in the glucose tolerance test of the experimental group mice. –: treated with normal saline as control; 50: treated with metformin or AFE 50 mg/kg. Data are shown as mean ± SD of each group (n = 16), analysis by one-way ANOVA test. ^∗∗∗p < 0.001 as compared with untreated control.