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. 2018 Jun 29;12:133–141. doi: 10.2174/1874434601812010133

Table 2.

Servant leadership: Paired Samples t-test results.

- Mean (SD) N t df Sig. (2-tailed)
Forming relationships with subordinates pre-test 3.60 (.51) 26 -1.127 25 0.271
post-test 3.73 (.59) 26
Empowering subordinates pre-test 3.63 (.50) 26 -2.065 25 .049*
post-test 3.87 (.58) 26
Helping subordinates grow and succeed pre-test 3.44 (.45) 26 -1.397 25 0.175
post-test 3.62 (.62) 26
Behaving ethically pre-test 3.96 (.42) 26 -2.301 25 .030*
post-test 4.15 (.39) 26
Having conceptual skills pre-test 3.81 (.43) 26 -2.388 25 .025*
post-test 4.06 (.36) 26
Putting subordinates first pre-test 3.90 (.49) 26 -0.926 25 0.363
post-test 4.00 (.53) 26
Creating values for those outside of organization pre-test 2.92 (.91) 26 -3.923 25 .001*
post-test 3.52 (.77) 26
Overall mean pre-test 3.61 (.30) 26 -4.027 25 .000**
post-test 3.85 (.38) 26

(*p <.05, **p<.001)