Table 2.

Effect of single 250 mg/kg oral dose of PZQ–LNC formulations in comparison with PZQ suspension on the total worm load recovered from S. mansoni-infected mice and reduction in adult worm burden (n=5)

Worm load	Animal group/formulation code				Significance test
	Group 1: untreated control	Group 2: PZQ suspension	Group 3: PZQ–LNC-25	Group 4: PZQ–OA–MFS–LNC-25
Total worm load
Minimum	22.0	6.0–8.0	0.0–3.0	0.0–3.0	H=20.066* P<0.001*
Maximum	27.0	6.0–8.0	0.0–3.0	0.0–3.0
Mean	24.67	7.17	1.83	2.0
SD	1.86	0.98	0.98	1.10
Median	25.0	7.50	2.0	2.0
Percentage of reduction		70.9	92.6	91.9
P-value	P1=0.004*, P2=0.003*, P3=0.004*, P4=0.003*, P5=0.003*, P6=0.652

Notes: Percentage of reduction: percentage of reduction between each group and Group 1. H: Kruskal–Wallis test, significance between groups was done using Mann–Whitney test. P1: P-value for comparison between Groups 1 and 2. P2: P-value for comparison between Groups 1 and 3. P3: P-value for comparison between Groups 1 and 4. P4: P-value for comparison between Groups 2 and 3. P5: P-value for comparison between Groups 2 and 4. P6: P-value for comparison between Groups 3 and 4.

^*Statistically significant at P≤0.05.

Abbreviations: LNC, lipid nanocapsule; MFS, miltefosine; OA, oleic acid; PZQ, praziquantel; S. mansoni, Schistosoma mansoni.