Table 1.
Methodological characteristics of the studies included
| References | Type RCT | Follow‐up | Test patients baseline (final) /control patients baseline(final) | Test implants/control implants | Type restoration | Interventions test | Interventions control | Study outcomes measured |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abutment material | ||||||||
| Andersson, Scharer, Simion and Bergstrom (1999) | Parallel | 24 | 16(16)/16(16) | 50/53 | FDP's | Titanium | Ceramic/alum | BOP, PI, BL, IS |
| Andersson, Glauser, Maglione and Taylor (2003) | Parallel | 60 | 16(14)/16(15) | 50/47 | FDP's | Titanium | Ceramic/alum | BOP, PI, BL, IS |
| Andersson et al. (2001) | Parallel | 12 | NR | 34/35 | Single tooth | Titanium | Ceramic/alum | BOP, PI, BL, IS |
| Baldini et al. (2016) | Parallel | 12 | 12(10)/12(12) | 10/12 | Single tooth | Titanium | Zirconia | BOP, PPD, BL, PCO, PA, EST, IS |
| Carrillo de Albornoz et al. (2014) | Parallel | 12 | 12(11)/14(14) | 14/11 | Single tooth | Titanium | Zirconia | BOP, PI, REC, CLI, KT, BL, PCO, PA, EST, IS |
| Fenner et al. (2016) | Parallel | 86.4 | 15(13)/15(15) | 20/16 | Single tooth | Titanium | Ceramic | BOP, PI, PPD, REC, CLI, KT, BL, PCO, PA, IS |
| Gallucci, Grutter, Chuang et al. (2011) | Parallel | 24 | 10(8)/10(9) | 10/10 | Single tooth | Gold | Alumina/GC | BOP, PI, CLI, BL, PCO, PA, EST, IS |
| Gallucci, Grutter, Nedir et al. (2011) | Parallel | 24 | 10(8)/10(9) | 10/10 | Single tooth | Gold | Alumina/GC | BOP, PI, KT, BL, PA, IS |
| Hosseini et al. (2011) | Parallel/split | 12 | 30(30)/29(29) | 37/38 | Single tooth | Titanium | Zirconia | BOP, PI, PPD, BL, PCO, EST, IS |
| Sailer et al. (2009) | Parallel/split | 12 | NR | 12/19 | Single tooth | Titanium | Zirconia | BOP, PI, PPD, STC, PA, IS |
| Zembic et al. (2009) | Parallel/split | 36 | NR | 10/18 | Single tooth | Titanium | Zirconia | BOP, PI, PPD, BL, STC, PA, IS |
| Zembic et al. (2013) | Parallel/split | 67 | NR | 10/18 | Single tooth | Titanium | Zirconia | BOP, PI, PPD, REC, BL, PA, IS |
| Macroscopic design | ||||||||
| Patil et al. (2014) | Split‐mouth | 12 | 26(26)/26(26) | 26/26 | Single tooth | Ti conv. shape | Ti circf. Groove | BOP, PPD, KT, BL, EST, IS |
| Weinlander et al. (2011) | Split‐mouth | 12 | 10(10)/10(10) | 10/10 | Single tooth | Ti conv. shape | Ti circf. Groove | BOP, PI, PPD, BL, PA, EST, IS |
| Wittneben et al. (2017) | Parallel | 12 | 20(20)/20(18) | 20/20 | Single tooth | Prefab Zi. | CAD‐CAM Zi | BOP, PI, PPD, CLI, KT, BL, EST, IS |
| Surface topography | ||||||||
| Van Assche et al. (2012) | Split‐mouth | 12 | 18(18)/18(18) | 43/42 | Full arch | Ti turned | Ti rough | BOP, PI, PPD, REC, BL, IS |
| Nicu et al. (2012) | Split‐mouth | 36 | 14(14)/14(14) | 39/39 | Full arch | Ti turned | Ti rough | BOP, PPD, REC, BL, IS |
| Surface manipulation | ||||||||
| Canullo et al. (2015) | Parallel | 24 | 15(15)/15(15) | 15/15 | Single tooth | Steam cleaned | Plasma argon | BOP, PI, BL, IS |
| Canullo, Genova et al. (2016) and Canullo, Tallarico et al. (2016) | Parallel | 60 | 15(15)/15(15) | 15/15 | Single tooth | Steam cleaned | Plasma argon | BOP, PI, BL, IS |
NR, not reported; FDP's, fixed partial denture; Ti, titanium; Zi, zirconia; GC, glass ceramic; Alum, alumina; Circf, circumferential; BOP, bleeding on probing; PI, plaque index; PPD, pocket probing depth; REC, recession; CLI, crown length index; KT, keratinised mucosa; BL, radiographic bone levels; STC, soft tissue colour; PCO, patient‐centred outcomes; PA, papilla assessment; EST, aesthetic assessment; IS, implant survival.