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. 2018 Jul 13;9(54):30213–30224. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.25727

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Copyright: © 2018 Singh et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Rhythmic expression of DBP in the liver of female Gα_i3^-/- mice is phase advanced (A, B) Quantitative real-time PCR analysis of rhythmic expression of DBP mRNA in the liver of female (A) and male (B) Gα_i3 deficient mice as compared to wild-type control animals. Dbp transcript levels were normalized to the endogenous control Gapdh. Shown are 2^-ΔCt values. (C, D) Representative immunoblots of rhythmic expression of the DBP protein in the liver of female (C) and male (D) Gα_i3-deficient mice and wild-type controls. GAPDH and β-Actin were employed as loading controls. Relative protein levels (DBP/GAPDH) were determined by densitometric analysis using ImageJ software (lower panels in C and D). Mice were sacrificed and analyzed every six hours at the indicated time points (ZT 0 to ZT 18). Results are expressed as mean ± s.d. of six animals (mRNA) or four animals (immunoblot) analyzed per genotype and time point (^*p < 0.05; ^**p < 0.01 as compared to corresponding wild-type control animals).