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Race-stratified, autoregressive, cross-lagged model for number of smoking occasions and recent difficulty staying asleep (trouble falling asleep in the past 4 weeks) in Waves 1–3. Note: P30D = past 30 days, P4Wk = past 4 weeks, W = wave. *p < .05; # Estimates differ between non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and non-Hispanic White (NHW; p < .05). Controlled for gender, parent education, snoring or sleep apnea, body mass index, depressive symptoms, and alcohol and soda consumption at Wave 1.
